A single injection of vitamin D₃ improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell function but not muscle damage or the inflammatory and cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of resistance exercise in vitamin D-deficient resistance-trained males

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is now a recognised problem affecting multiple physiological functions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a single dose of vitamin D3 injection on the inflammatory, muscular damage, metabolic and cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) in vitamin D-deficient resistance-trained males. Blood samples from fourteen vitamin D-deficient resistance-trained males were obtained during two separate trials: lower vitamin D (LVD) and higher vitamin D (HVD, after vitamin D3 injection). Metabolic, inflammatory, muscle damage and cardiovascular markers were evaluated at baseline, immediately and 1 h after RE. There were significant trial-by-time interactions for insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) which significantly (P < 0·05) declined for 1 h after RE in the HVD trial compared with the LVD trial. Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) declines at 1 h post-RE in the HVD trial. There was also a time effect for blood sugar which significantly (P < 0·05) decreased and for creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and IL-6 which increased significantly 1 h post-RE in both trials. There were no significant changes in other inflammatory and cardiovascular markers following both trials. A single injection of vitamin D3 improved insulin resistance and β-cell function following RE in previously vitamin D-deficient resistance-trained males. Conversely, the injection did not change muscle damage and the inflammatory response to acute RE. Intramuscular vitamin D replacement may have key implications for the promotion of glucose metabolism and lowering the risk of diabetes in vitamin D-deficient individuals.

The Association between Vitamin D and Zinc Status and the Progression of Clinical Symptoms among Outpatients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 and Potentially Non-Infected Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The protective effect of the serum concentration of 25(OH)D on the severity of COVID-19 and the progression of symptoms during the clinical course of the disease might underlie some mechanisms: vitamin D has beneficial effects on protective immunity in part due to its effects on the innate immune system and β-cell function [7,9]. Immune cells express vitamin D receptors (VDRs).…”

“…Vitamin D3 is a pre-pro-hormone that begins its biosynthesis pathway with the solar UVB irradiation of 7-dehydrocholesterol on bare skin exposed to strong sunlight and exhibits multifaceted effects beyond calcium and bone metabolism. Vitamin D is essential to balance immune responses [7]. Since vitamin D receptors are expressed on immune cells (B, T, and antigen-presenting cells), which can synthesize the active metabolite of vitamin D, this vitamin can act in an autocrine manner in a local immunological environment.…”

Effects of Interval Jump Rope Exercise Combined with Dark Chocolate Supplementation on Inflammatory Adipokine, Cytokine Concentrations, and Body Composition in Obese Adolescent Boys

“…Owing to the significant role of nutritional timing surrounding training sessions, dietary intake in the h near (before and after) the JRE sessions were controlled [ 24 ]. Our participants consumed a banana that provided 0.30–0.35 g of carbohydrate per kilogram of body mass, as a pre-training snack 1 h before the training session.…”

Vitamin D Merging into Immune System-Skeletal Muscle Network: Effects on Human Health

“…In human skeletal muscle cells, the addition of a VRD agonist can significantly amplify protein release of IL-6 triggered by nutrient restriction, simultaneously promoting GLUT4 trafficking in lipid rafts-cell membrane areas dedicated to glucose internalization and involved in I sensitivity [48,107]. In vitamin D deficient trained male subjects, vitamin D intramuscular replacement determines improvements in metabolic function in association with a significant IL-6 increase 1 h post-resistance exercise [108], suggesting a recovery in skeletal muscle function after hormone supply. It is a matter of fact that promoting a good metabolic balance helps avoid homeostasis perturbance and inflammation.…”