A Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) of 5.4 is a good predictor of both metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in adolescents with obesity

Abstract

BackgroundThe Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) is a biomarker of insulin sensitivity estimated using BMI and triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We assessed the accuracy of SPISE to screen obesity-related cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.MethodCross-sectional validation study for a screening test in a sample of n=725 children and adolescents from an obesity clinic. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood arterial pressure, lipid profile, glucose, insulin and Tanner stage were measured. BMI, BMI for-age-and sex (BAZ), and HOMA-IR were estimated. HOMA-IR values ≥2.1 and ≥3.3 were considered IR in Tanner I-II, ≥3.3 for Tanner III-IV and ≥2.6 for Tanner V, respectively. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed with the Cook phenotype. SPISE was estimated according to the following algorithm: [600* HDL^0.185/(TG^0.2* BMI^1.338)]. The optimal SPISE cut points for IR and MetS prediction were determined by ROC curve analysis.ResultsIn prepubertal obese patients (9.2 ± 2.1y; 18.4% males), the prevalence of IR and MetS was 28.2% y 46.9%, respectively; 58% had severe obesity (BAZ ≥4 SD). In pubertal obese patients (12.6 ± 1.8y; 57% males), the prevalence of IR and MetS was 34.1% and 55.3%, respectively; 34% had severe obesity. In prepubertal children, a SPISE of 6.3 showed the highest sensitivity (73.2%) and specificity (80%) to screen individuals with IR (AUC: 0.80; LR +: 3.3). Likewise, a SPISE of 5.7 got the highest sensitivity (82.6%) and specificity (86.1%) to screen patients with MetS (AUC: 0.87; LR +: 5.4). In pubertal patients, a SPISE of 5.4 showed the highest sensitivity and specificity to screen children and adolescents with both IR (Sn: 76.1%; Sp: 77.5%; AUC: 0.8; LR +: 3.1) and MetS (Sn: 90.4%; Sp: 76.1%; AUC: 0.90; LR +: 3.5).ConclusionIn children and adolescents with obesity, SPISE has good or very good performance in predicting IR and MetS. SPISE may be considered a relatively simple and low-cost diagnosis tool that can be helpful to identify patients with greater biological risk. In adolescents with obesity, the same cut point allows identification of those at higher risk of both IR and MetS.

Usefulness of SPISE Index for Screening and Detection of Early Stages of Insulin Resistance among Chilean Young Adults

“…The results of the present study, which are based on the strength of agreement for ordered ratings of SPISE and HOMA-IR, suggest slight agreement on the identification of IR in young adults. Previous studies have indicated that the SPISE index is strongly correlated with IR measured by HOMA-IR [7, 22, 23]. For instance, Correa-Burrows et al [22] reported that in prepubertal children, a SPISE of 6.3 showed the highest sensitivity (73.2%) and specificity (80%) to identify individuals with IR diagnosed with HOMA-IR values ≥2.1.…”

“…Previous studies have indicated that the SPISE index is strongly correlated with IR measured by HOMA-IR [7, 22, 23]. For instance, Correa-Burrows et al [22] reported that in prepubertal children, a SPISE of 6.3 showed the highest sensitivity (73.2%) and specificity (80%) to identify individuals with IR diagnosed with HOMA-IR values ≥2.1. Barchetta et al [23] concluded that the SPISE index strongly predicted abnormal glucose metabolism in overweight/obese children by calculating the area under the curve (AUROC).…”

Prediabetes is associated with a higher serum neurofilament light chain level in adolescents

“…Laboratory methods were used to measure hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), systolic blood pressure (SBP), sNfL, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. The single point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) was calculated using the following formula: [600* HDL^0.185/(TG^0.2* BMI^1.338)] ( 24 ).…”