A Single System Explains Human Speed Perception

Boxtel, Jeroen J.A. van; Ee, Raymond van; Erkelens, Casper J.

doi:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1808

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Although this study focused on temporal coding at the output of the cochlea, the neural cross-correlation coefficients are generally applicable to auditory spike-train responses from any location within the auditory pathway. More generally, these analyses may be useful for studying the perceptual relevance and neural coding of stimulus information across different time scales in various sensory modalities (e.g., Gamzu and Ahissar 2001;Lu et al 2001;Vickers et al 2001;van Boxtel et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Envelope and Fine-Structure Coding in Auditory Nerve Responses to Chimaeric Speech

Heinz

Swaminathan

2009

JARO

117

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Any sound can be separated mathematically into a slowly varying envelope and rapidly varying finestructure component. This property has motivated numerous perceptual studies to understand the relative importance of each component for speech and music perception. Specialized acoustic stimuli, such as auditory chimaeras with the envelope of one sound and fine structure of another have been used to separate the perceptual roles for envelope and fine structure. Cochlear narrowband filtering limits the ability to isolate fine structure from envelope; however, envelope recovery from fine structure has been difficult to evaluate physiologically. To evaluate envelope recovery at the output of the cochlea, neural cross-correlation coefficients were developed that quantify the similarity between two sets of spike-train responses. Shuffled auto-and cross-correlogram analyses were used to compute separate correlations for responses to envelope and fine structure based on both model and recorded spike trains from auditory nerve fibers. Previous correlogram analyses were extended to isolate envelope coding more effectively in auditory nerve fibers with low center frequencies, which are particularly important for speech coding. Recovered speech envelopes were present in both model and recorded responses to one-and 16-band speech fine-structure chimaeras and were significantly greater for the one-band case, consistent with perceptual studies. Model predictions suggest that cochlear recovered envelopes are reduced following sensorineural hearing loss due to broadened tuning associated with outer-hair cell dysfunction. In addition to the within-fiber cross-stimulus cases considered here, these neural cross-correlation coefficients can also be used to evaluate spatiotemporal coding by applying them to cross-fiber within-stimulus conditions. Thus, these neural metrics can be used to quantitatively evaluate a wide range of perceptually significant temporal coding issues relevant to normal and impaired hearing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Envelope and Fine-Structure Coding in Auditory Nerve Responses to Chimaeric Speech

Heinz

Swaminathan

2009

JARO

117

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“…, 2001). [However, see van Boxtel et al. (2006), who postulate that a single motion channel may explain the entire range of perceived speeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling neural structures for processing of high‐ and low‐speed visual motion

Lorteije

Wezel

Smagt

2008

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Human psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence suggests at least two separate visual motion pathways, one tuned to a lower and one tuned to a broader and partly overlapping range of higher speeds. It remains unclear whether these two different channels are represented by different cortical areas or by sub-populations within a single area. We recorded evoked potentials at 59 scalp locations to the onset of a slow (3.5 degrees /s) and fast (32 degrees /s) moving test pattern, preceded by either a slow or fast adapting pattern that moved in either the same direction or opposite to the test motion. Baseline potentials were recorded for slow and fast moving test patterns after adaptation to a static pattern. Comparison of adapted responses with baseline responses revealed that the N2 peak around 180 ms after test stimulus onset was modulated by the preceding adaptation. This modulation depended on both direction and speed. Source localization of baseline potentials as well as direction-independent motion adaptation revealed cortical areas activated by fast motion to be more dorsal, medial and posterior compared with neural structures underlying slow motion processing. For both speeds, the direction-dependent component of this adaptation modulation occurred in the same area, located significantly more dorsally compared with neural structures that were adapted in a direction-independent manner. These results demonstrate for the first time the cortical separation of more ventral areas selectively activated by visual motion at low speeds (and not high speeds) and dorsal motion-sensitive cortical areas that are activated by both high and low speeds.

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“…The task used in this study involved the detection of speed changes; a mechanism considered a distinct aspect of motion processing (see Khuu and Badcock 2002). Nonetheless, such a distinction has been criticised by van Boxtel et al (2006), whose findings clearly supported a unified model of speed and motion perception. One might query the paradigm used in that study, by noting that participants responded to a frequency change in tactile perception, rather than to speed processing itself, and that a simple motion/non-motion task may have been more suitable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Touching Motion: rTMS on the Human Middle Temporal Complex Interferes with Tactile Speed Perception

et al. 2012

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Brain functional and psychophysical studies have clearly demonstrated that visual motion perception relies on the activity of the middle temporal complex (hMT+). However, recent studies have shown that hMT+ seems to be also activated during tactile motion perception, suggesting that this visual extrastriate area is involved in the processing and integration of motion, irrespective of the sensorial modality. In the present study, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to assess whether hMT+ plays a causal role in tactile motion processing. Blindfolded participants detected changes in the speed of a grid of tactile moving points with their finger (i.e. tactile modality). The experiment included three different conditions: a control condition with no TMS and two TMS conditions, i.e. hMT+-rTMS and posterior parietal cortex (PPC)-rTMS. Accuracies were significantly impaired during hMT+-rTMS but not in the other two conditions (No-rTMS or PPC-rTMS), moreover, thresholds for detecting speed changes were significantly higher in the hMT+-rTMS with respect to the control TMS conditions. These findings provide stronger evidence that the activity of the hMT+ area is involved in tactile speed processing, which may be consistent with the hypothesis of a supramodal role for that cortical region in motion processing.

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A Single System Explains Human Speed Perception

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Quantifying Envelope and Fine-Structure Coding in Auditory Nerve Responses to Chimaeric Speech

Quantifying Envelope and Fine-Structure Coding in Auditory Nerve Responses to Chimaeric Speech

Disentangling neural structures for processing of high‐ and low‐speed visual motion

Touching Motion: rTMS on the Human Middle Temporal Complex Interferes with Tactile Speed Perception

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