A Sino-German<i>λ</i>6 cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane

Reich, W.; Sun, Xiaohui; Reich, P.; Gao, Xiaoqing; Xiao, Li; Han, J. L.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322716

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…1. Archival data were taken from Reich et al (1984); Sieber & Seiradakis (1984); Caswell et al (1985); Reich et al (1990); Becker et al (1991); Taylor et al (1992); White & Becker (1992); Hurley-Walker et al (2009); Sun et al (2011);Reich et al (2014). Manchester et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Radio Continuum and Polarization Study of SNR G57.2+0.8 Associated with Magnetar SGR 1935+2154

Kothes

Sun

Gaensler

et al. 2018

ApJ

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We present a radio continuum and linear polarization study of the Galactic supernova remnant G57.2+0.8, which may host the recently discovered magnetar SGR 1935+2154. The radio SNR shows the typical radio continuum spectrum of a mature supernova remnant with a spectral index of α = −0.55 ± 0.02 and moderate polarized intensity. Magnetic field vectors indicate a tangential magnetic field, expected for an evolved SNR, in one part of the SNR and a radial magnetic field in the other. The latter can be explained by an overlapping arc-like feature, perhaps a pulsar wind nebula, emanating from the magnetar. The presence of a pulsar wind nebula is supported by the low average braking index of 1.2, we extrapolated for the magnetar, and the detection of diffuse X-ray emission around it. We found a distance of 12.5 kpc for the SNR, which identifies G57.2+0.8 as a resident of the Outer spiral arm of the Milky Way. The SNR has a radius of about 20 pc and could be as old as 41,000 years. The SNR has already entered the radiative or pressure-driven snowplow phase of its evolution. We compared independently determined characteristics like age and distance for both, the SNR and SGR 1935+2154, and conclude that they are physically related.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Radio Continuum and Polarization Study of SNR G57.2+0.8 Associated with Magnetar SGR 1935+2154

Kothes

Sun

Gaensler

et al. 2018

ApJ

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“…To identify H ii regions in the Sino-German λ6 cm survey, we separated the Urumqi λ6 cm sources into two groups: smalldiameter sources from Reich et al (2014) and extended sources (apparent size > 16 ′ ) that have not been catalogued yet. In this work, we only consider H ii regions whose boundaries and flux densities can be reliably determined by the Urumqi data.…”

Section: Methodology: Identification Of H II Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Descriptions of a detailed system set-up and data reduction can be found in Sun et al (2006Sun et al ( , 2007 and Gao et al (2010). From the λ6 cm survey, Reich et al (2014) identified 3 832 3 small-diameter sources with apparent sizes of less than 16 ′ via two-dimensional elliptical Gaussian fits. The fitted major and minor axes were recorded together with the position angles with respect to the north Galactic pole.…”

Section: Urumqi λ6 CM Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Sino-German λ6 cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane

Gao¹,

Reich

Hou³

et al. 2019

A&A

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Context. Large-scale radio continuum surveys provide data to get insights into the physical properties of radio sources. H ii regions are prominent radio sources produced by thermal emission of ionised gas around young massive stars. Aims. We identify and analyse H ii regions in the Sino-German λ6 cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane. Methods. Objects with flat radio continuum spectra together with infrared and/or Hα emission were identified as H ii regions. For H ii regions with small apparent sizes, we cross-matched the λ6 cm small-diameter source catalogue with the radio H ii region catalogue compiled by Paladini and the infrared H ii region catalogue based on the WISE data. Effelsberg λ21 cm and λ11 cm continuum survey data were used to determine source spectra. High angular resolution data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey and the NRAO VLA Sky Survey were used to solve the confusion when low angular resolution observations were not sufficient. Extended H ii regions were identified by eye by overlaying the Paladini and the WISE H ii regions onto the λ6 cm survey images for coincidences. The TT-plot method was employed for spectral index verification. Results. A total of 401 H ii regions were identified and their flux densities were determined with the Sino-German λ6 cm survey data. In the surveyed area, 76 pairs of sources are found to be duplicated in the Paladini H ii region catalogue, mainly due to the non-distinction of previous observations with different angular resolutions, and 78 objects in their catalogue are misclassified as H ii regions, being actually planetary nebulae, supernova remnants, or extragalactic sources that have steep spectra. More than 30 H ii regions and H ii region candidates from our λ6 cm survey data, especially extended ones, do not have counterparts in the WISE H ii region catalogue, of which 9 are identified for the first time. Our results imply that some more Galactic H ii regions still await to be discovered and the combination of multi-domain observations is important for H ii region identification. Based on the newly derived radio continuum spectra and the evidence of infrared emission, the previously identified SNRs G11.1−1.0, G20.4+0.1, and G16.4−0.5 are believed to be H ii regions.

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“…(1) where q(r, p, t) is the acceleration sources, ψ(r, p, t) is the density of CR particles per unit momentum p at position r, V c is the convection velocity, ṗ ≡ dp/dt is momentum loss rate, τ f and τ r are the characteristic time scales for fragmentation and radioactive decay respectively; D xx and D pp are the diffusion coefficients in coordinate and momentum space respectively. (5,30-31) 1 (Smith et al 1994);2 (Gorham et al 1996);3 (Mavromatakis et al 2002);4 (Xiao et al 2009);5 (Green 2014);6 (Kothes et al 2006);7 (Kothes et al 2008);8 (Blair et al 2005);9 (Sun et al 2006);10(Yar-Uyaniker et al 2004);11 (Reich et al 2014);12 (Joncas et al 1989);13 (Leahy & Tian 2006);14 (Reich et al 1992);15 (Yamauchi et al 2000);16 (Xu et al 2007);17 (Katsuda et al 2009);18 (Reich et al 2003);19 (Leahy & Tian 2007);20 (Plucinsky et al 1996);21 (Brisken et al 2003);22 (Cha et al 1999);23(Alvarez et al 2001);24 (Caraveo et al 2001);25 (Miceli et al 2008);26(Aschenbach 1998);27 (Iyudin et al 1998);28 (Redman & Meaburn 2005);29 (Katsuda et al 2008);30 (Lazendic et al 2004);31 (Morlino et al 2009).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistically study the optimal local sources for cosmic ray nuclei and electron

Luo,

Qiao,

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The local sources, such as Geminga SNR, may play important role for the anomaly of proton, electron and anisotropy in the past works. In fact, there exists twelve SNRs around solar system within 1 kpc. One question is that can other SNRs also possibly contribute the spectra of nuclei and electron and explain the special structure of anisotropy? In this work, under the spatial-dependent propagation, we systematically study the contribution of all local SNRs within 1 kpc around solar to the spectra of nuclei and electron, as well as the energy dependence of anisotropy. As a result, only Geminga, Monogem, and Vela SNRs have quantitive contribution to the nuclei and electron spectra and anisotropy. Here, Geminga SNR is the sole optimal candidate and Monogem SNR is controversial due to the tension of anisotropy between model calculation and observations. The Vela SNR contributes a new spectral structure beyond TeV energy, hinted by HESS, VERITAS, DAMPE and CALET measurements. More interesting is that the electron anisotropy satisfies the Fermi-LAT limit below TeV energy, but rises greatly and reaches 10% at several TeV. This new structure will shed new light to check our model. We hope that the new structure of electron spectrum and anisotropy can be observed by space-borne DAMPE and HERD and ground-based HAWC and LHAASO experiments in the near future.

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A Sino-Germanλ6 cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

A Radio Continuum and Polarization Study of SNR G57.2+0.8 Associated with Magnetar SGR 1935+2154

A Radio Continuum and Polarization Study of SNR G57.2+0.8 Associated with Magnetar SGR 1935+2154

A Sino-German λ6 cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane

Statistically study the optimal local sources for cosmic ray nuclei and electron

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