A Smart Card Oriented Secure Electronic Voting Machine Built on NTRU

Abstract

Free and fair elections are indispensable to quantify the sentiments of the populace for forming the government of representatives in democratic countries. Due to its procedural variation from country to country and complexity, to maneuverer, it is a challenging task. Since the Orthodox paper-based electoral systems are slow and error-prone, therefore, a secure and efficient electoral system always remained a key area of research. Although a lot of literature is available on this topic. However, due to reported anomalies and weaknesses in American and France election in 2016, it once again has become a pivotal subject of research. In this article, we proposed a new secure and efficient electronic voting scheme based on public key cryptosystem dubbed as Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU). Furthermore, an efficient and robust three factors authentication protocol based on a personalized memorable password, a smartcard, and bioHash is proposed to validate the legitimacy of a voter for casting a legal vote. NTRU based blind signatures are used to preserve the anonymity and privacy of vote and voters, whereas the proficiency of secure and efficient counting of votes is achieved through NTRU based homomorphic tally. Non-coercibility and individual verifiability are attained through Mark Pledge scheme. The proposed applied electronic voting scheme is, secure, transparent and efficient for large scale elections.

An Improved and Efficient Coercion-resistant Measure for Electronic Voting System

“…The major shortcoming of mix-net is that there is not a way to convince voters that their vote has been re-encrypted and will not be substituted or even be abandoned. Examples of mix-net implementation are [1], [24], [25] and [26].…”

“…In democratic countries, achieving free and fair elections to quantify public sentiments and form a representative government is crucial, Due to variations in electoral procedures among nations and their inherent complexity, Traditional paper-based voting systems are slow and prone to errors, which is why the principles for conducting secure electronic voting over the internet have been established and publicly disclosed [1]. Although the functionalities and technologies of online voting have been clearly defined, existing nationally funded internet voting methods do not encompass a comprehensive internet-based system approach, Consequently, developing an election system that is both secure and efficient has always been a focal point of research, covering aspects such as voter registration, the voting process, and ballot counting.…”

“…All the information published by the third party is supposed to be accepted as true by all participators. Juels et al [1] proposed the concept of the coercion-resistant measure. The main purpose is to let distant electronic voting resist various forms of coercion.…”

“…If a voter's key is requested to reveal to a coercer/briber, the coercer/briber can vote without the voter's involvement. The level-five security of the e-voting system was proposed by Juel et al [1]. Because of the utilization of an untappable channel, the security thus becomes impractical.…”