A Smart Phone Based Handheld Wireless Spirometer with Functions and Precision Comparable to Laboratory Spirometers

Zhou, Ping; Yang, Liu; Huang, Yao‐Xiong

doi:10.3390/s19112487

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…An open architecture reconfigurable respiration monitor was proposed in [ 27 ] using an off-the-shelf airflow sensor and other gas composite sensors to perform PFTs, with a Pearson correlation of 0.94. In [ 28 ], a wireless hand-held pneumotachograph spirometer was developed, showing a 3% error for FVC and a 10% error for PEF values.…”

Section: Background and State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate Spirometry with Integrated Barometric Sensors in Face-Worn Garments

Zhou

Costa

Lukowicz

2020

Sensors

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Cardiorespiratory (CR) signals are crucial vital signs for fitness condition tracking, medical diagnosis, and athlete performance evaluation. Monitoring such signals in real-life settings is among the most widespread applications of wearable computing. We investigate how miniaturized barometers can be used to perform accurate spirometry in a wearable system that is built on off-the-shelf training masks often used by athletes as a training aid. We perform an evaluation where differential barometric pressure sensors are compared concurrently with a digital spirometer, during an experimental setting of clinical forced vital capacity (FVC) test procedures with 20 participants. The relationship between the two instruments is derived by mathematical modeling first, then by various regression methods from experiment data. The results show that the error of FVC vital values between the two instruments can be as low as 2∼3%. Beyond clinical tests, the method can also measure continuous tidal breathing air volumes with a 1∼3% error margin. Overall, we conclude that barometers with millimeter footprints embedded in face mask apparel can perform similarly to a digital spirometer to monitor breathing airflow and volume in pulmonary function tests.

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Section: Background and State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate Spirometry with Integrated Barometric Sensors in Face-Worn Garments

Zhou

Costa

Lukowicz

2020

Sensors

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“…It is interesting to compare the calibration results in this paper with those obtained using a precision smart-phone based spirometer [19]. Conceptually, the two systems are similar with Zhou et al selecting to use a commercial Lilly screen with a flow restrictor (R = 3.3 × 10 4 Pa per m 3 /s) matched to the differential pressure sensor dynamic range of 0 to 500 Pa, to cater for flow rates up to 15 L/s.…”

Section: Comparison With a Lilly Based Spirometermentioning

confidence: 83%

“…A group at Oxford University are developing a whistle, the frequency of which is proportional to airflow, while researchers at the University of Washington have developed a device called SpiroSmart that relies on processing data from a smartphone microphone [18]. Another smartphone based device developed to meet the accuracy requirements published by the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society uses a Lilly pneumotachograph, a precision differential pressure transducer, a Bluetooth link with a processor and display app [19]. In contrast to these examples, our objective was to develop a similarly sensitive pneumotachograph that could be easily manufactured by hand for less than $1 in the developing country, with few resources, but could still be interfaced to any cellphone.…”

Section: Using the Cellphone Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than using one of the conventional calibration methods such as a calibrated syringe [38,39] or a Pulmonary Waveform Generator [19], a technique that could easily be used in the developing world was applied. This involved measuring the total flow volume and comparing that to the volume obtained by integrating the flow rate (from the Fleisch cell) during the same period.…”

Section: Performance Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Telespirometer for the Developing World

Brooker

2020

Electronics

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There are numerous examples in which the introduction of expensive medical equipment into the developing world fail for lack of a basic understanding of the device operation, lack of spare parts and poor maintenance. This paper describes the development of a Fleisch pneumotachograph and cellphone based telespirometer that can easily be built from “junk box” medical and electronic components available in the developing world. This approach should introduce a sense of local ownership to the project as well as encouraging participation by the local electronics repair industry. Experimental results confirm that the forced expiratory flow data are reliably modulated onto an audio signal and transmitted by cellphone to a base station for examination by a district nurse or doctor. Flow measurement and data transmission accuracies are sufficiently good for remote diagnoses of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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“…Similarly, there has been increased reliance on home spirometry for collection of PFT data, which are then communicated by the patient to the clinic. Electronic home spirometers have been shown to be equivalent to laboratory-based spirometry and more affordable, 23,24 and the benefits of weekly home spirometry have been discussed as an alternative to quarterly inperson measurements for CF. 25 Future studies will need to assess the effectiveness of these methods and explore alternative solutions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%