A Smart Sensor for Defending against Clock Glitching Attacks on the I2C Protocol in Robotic Applications

Jiménez-Naharro, Raúl; Gómez-Bravo, Fernando; Medina-García, Jonathan; Sánchez-Raya, M.; Gómez-Galán, Juan Antonio

doi:10.3390/s17040677

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For our experiment, the sensor board was connected to an Arduino ® MKR FOX 1200 board using the I2 C communication interface [28]. Figure 8 shows the wiring diagram of the sensor, which was powered up through the Arduino ® 3.3 Volt output pin (Vcc).…”

Section: Application: Thermal Analysis Of Memsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Chamber Prototype for Automatic Thermal Analysis of MEMS IMU Sensors in Tilt Measurements Perspective

Ruzza

Guerriero

Revellino

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In this work, a low-cost, open-source and replicable system prototype for thermal analysis of low-cost Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors in tilt measurement perspective is presented and tested. The system is formed of a 3D printed frame, a thermal cell consisting in a Peltier element mounted over a heat sink, and a control and power system. The frame is designed to allow the independent biaxial tilting of the thermal cell through two servomotors. The control board is formed by an Arduino® and a self-made board including a power drive for controlling the thermal unit and servomotors. We tested the chamber analyzing the behavior of multiple MEMS IMU onboard accelerometers suitable for measuring tilt. Our results underline the variability of the thermal behavior of the sensors, also for different sensor boards of the same model, and consequently the need for the adoption of a thermal compensation strategy based on thermal analysis results. These data suggesting the need for the analysis of the thermal behavior of MEMS-based sensors, indicate the potential of our system in making low-cost sensors suitable in medium-to-high precision monitoring applications.

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Section: Application: Thermal Analysis Of Memsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Chamber Prototype for Automatic Thermal Analysis of MEMS IMU Sensors in Tilt Measurements Perspective

Ruzza

Guerriero

Revellino

et al. 2019

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a later work, Timmers et al [54] showed that in an embedded Linux Operating System (OS) the privileges can be escalated from user to system privileges by performing VFI. By performing VFI against AMD's Secure Processor (SP), Buhren et al [11] where able to control the key management and by this, compromise the security of AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV [4,5,32,38,39,48] and Hardware Level Countermeasuress (HLCs) [10,17,19,22,30,31,50,61]. Due to the higher abstraction of ILCs, these protect against a certain Fault Model, whereas the HLCs are generally deployed to protect against a certain type of FI.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oops..! I Glitched It Again! How to Multi-Glitch the Glitching-Protections on ARM TrustZone-M

Saß¹,

Mitev²,

Sadeghi³

2023

Preprint

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Voltage Fault Injection (VFI), also known as power glitching, has proven to be a severe threat to real-world systems. In VFI attacks, the adversary disturbs the power-supply of the target-device forcing the device to illegitimate behavior. Various countermeasures have been proposed to address different types of fault injection attacks at different abstraction layers, either requiring to modify the underlying hardware or software/firmware at the machine instruction level. Moreover, only recently, individual chip manufacturers have started to respond to this threat by integrating countermeasures in their products. Generally, these countermeasures aim at protecting against single fault injection (SFI) attacks, since Multiple Fault Injection (MFI) is believed to be challenging and sometimes even impractical. In this paper, we present µ-Glitch, the first Voltage Fault Injection (VFI) platform which is capable of injecting multiple, coordinated voltage faults into a target device, requiring only a single trigger signal. We provide a novel flow for Multiple Voltage Fault Injection (MVFI) attacks to significantly reduce the search complexity for fault parameters, as the search space increases exponentially with each additional fault injection. We evaluate and showcase the effectiveness and practicality of our attack platform on four real-world chips, featuring TrustZone-M: The first two have interdependent backchecking mechanisms, while the second two have additionally integrated countermeasures against fault injection. Our evaluation revealed that µ-Glitch can successfully inject four consecutive faults within an average time of one day. Finally, we discuss potential countermeasures to mitigate VFI attacks and additionally propose two novel attack scenarios for MVFI.

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“…We choose this accelerometer because it has a resolution of 0.061 mg/ Least Significant Bit (LSB) in the measuring range of ±2 g and an operating range from −40 to +85 °C. This sensor was connected to an Arduino ® Nano board using the I2C communication interface [ 23 ] and the wiring diagram is reported in Figure 1 . Due to a difference in operating voltage between the IMU and the Arduino ® , a bi-directional logic converter was used.…”

Section: The Low-cost Mems Imumentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Compensation of Low-Cost MEMS Accelerometers for Tilt Measurements

Ruzza

Guerriero

Revellino

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Low-cost MEMS accelerometers have the potential to be used in a number of tilt-based monitoring applications but have the disadvantage of being very sensitive to temperature variation (thermal drift). In this paper, we analyze the thermal behavior of a low-cost sensor in the range −10 to +45 °C in order to provide a simple compensation strategy to mitigate this problem. For sensor analysis, we have developed a miniaturized thermal chamber, which was mounted on a tilting device to account for tilt angle variation. The obtained raw data were used to construct low degree polynomial equations that by relating the measurement error induced by thermal drift (i.e., acceleration residuals) to temperature and inclination (of each specific axis), can be used for thermal compensation. To validate our compensation strategy, we performed a field monitoring test and evaluated the compensation performance by calculating RMS errors before and after correction. After compensation, the RMS errors calculated for both the X and Y axes decreased by 96%, indicating the potential of using a simple set of equations to solve common drawbacks that currently make low-cost MEMS sensors unsuitable for tilt-based monitoring applications.

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A Smart Sensor for Defending against Clock Glitching Attacks on the I2C Protocol in Robotic Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

A Low-Cost Chamber Prototype for Automatic Thermal Analysis of MEMS IMU Sensors in Tilt Measurements Perspective

A Low-Cost Chamber Prototype for Automatic Thermal Analysis of MEMS IMU Sensors in Tilt Measurements Perspective

Oops..! I Glitched It Again! How to Multi-Glitch the Glitching-Protections on ARM TrustZone-M

Thermal Compensation of Low-Cost MEMS Accelerometers for Tilt Measurements

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