The design of smart stimuli‐responsive photoluminescent materials capable of multi‐level encryption and complex information storage is highly sought after in the current information era. Here, a novel adamantyl‐capped CsPbBr3 (AD‐CsPbBr3) perovskite NCs, along with its supramolecular host‐guest assembly partner a modified β‐CD (mCD), mCD@AD‐CsPbBr3, are designed and prepared. By dispersing these two materials in different solvents, namely, AD‐CsPbBr3 in toluene, mCD@AD‐CsPbBr3 in toluene, and mCD@AD‐CsPbBr3 in methanol, the three solutions exhibit diverse photoluminescence (PL) turn‐on/off or PL discoloration response upon supramolecular stimulus. Based on these responses, a proof‐of‐principle programmable Multi‐Level Photoluminescence Encoding System (MPLES) is established. Three types of four‐level and three types of three‐level information encoding are achieved by the system. A layer‐by‐layer four‐level information encryption and decryption as well as a two‐level encrypted 3D code are successfully achieved.