A social relations variance partitioning of dyadic behavior.

Kenny, David A.; Mohr, Cynthia D.; Levesque, Maurice J.

doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.128

Cited by 162 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

121

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Patterned Reputations and The Social Relations Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…correlated with Mary's unique tendency to like John (or to see him as honest)? In real groups, dyadic reciprocity of interpersonal behaviors is substantial and positive, especially for prosocial behaviors such as laughing, friendliness, and liking (Kenny, Mohr, & Levesque, 2001).Despite its utility and power, the SRM is a univariate model of a single judgment (e.g., how much perceivers like targets). The SRM offers no way to analyze more nuanced, qualitative impressions such as the perception that Susan is generally very sensitive to others' feelings, but sometimes a bit flighty, and closed-minded in her preferences about art.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using the SRM in this way we are able to see the consequences of the model's assumptions, translated into terms (such as variance proportions and correlations for generalized reciprocity and dyadic reciprocity) that match those used to report results of empirical studies (e.g., Kenny et al, 2001). The SRM analysis shows substantial perceiver and target variance, which were directly built into the model's assumptions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Contextualizing person perception: Distributed social cognition.

Smith

Collins

2009

Psychological Review

120

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on person perception typically emphasizes cognitive processes of information selection and interpretation within the individual perceiver and the nature of the resulting mental representations. The authors focus instead on the ways person perception processes create, and are influenced by, the patterns of impressions that are socially constructed, transmitted, and filtered through social networks. As the socially situated cognition perspective (E. R. Smith & G. R. Semin, 2004) suggests, it is necessary to supplement consideration of intra-individual cognitive processes with an examination of the social context. The authors describe a theoretical model of processes of distributed social cognition that takes account of 3 levels: the individual perceiver, the interacting dyad, and the social network in which they are embedded. The authors' model assumes that perceivers elicit or create as well as interpret impressionrelevant information in dyadic interaction and that perceivers obtain information from 3rd-party sources who are linked to perceivers and targets in social networks. The authors also present results of a multiagent simulation of a subset of these processes. Implications of the theoretical model are discussed, for the possibility of correcting biases in person perception and for the nature of underlying mental representations of persons.Keywords: person perception, gossip, social networks, multiagent People's impressions or mental representations of others are fundamental tools for social life. Whether they are valid or invalid, based on years of acquaintanceship or just a cursory glance, our impressions of other people shape our choices of romantic partners, our judgments about political candidates or job applicants, our detection and sanctioning of cheaters and norm violators, and our daily interactions with colleagues, friends, and family.Motivated by the fundamental importance of person perception, researchers have intensively studied how individual perceivers select, interpret, and integrate information about other people. We know a good deal, for instance, about the types of cues social perceivers notice and integrate into their impressions, the conditions under which they automatically access their existing knowledge structures (such as stereotypes), and the ways they use their impressions to make judgments and decisions about other people (Gilbert, 1998;E. R. Smith, 1998). Rigorously controlled laboratory studies have given a clear picture of the nature, time course, and effects of these and other subprocesses of impression formation.However, as advocates of the "situated cognition" approach have argued, even a detailed understanding of the properties of isolated psychological processes cannot fully account for the ways the processes actually operate in concrete social contexts (Robbins & Aydede, 2008;E. R. Smith & Semin, 2004). When people act and interact with other individuals and groups, additional processes often become relevant, and psychological processes are often "scaffolded" b...

show abstract

Section: Patterned Reputations and The Social Relations Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contextualizing person perception: Distributed social cognition.

Smith

Collins

2009

Psychological Review

120

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Any commonalities or discrepancies in the various descriptions would help to determine if this method is best described as capturing a perspective of one's own unique personality vs. a perspective of personalities in general (e.g. Kenny, Mohr, & Levesque, 2001).…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing dimensions of thinking in open-ended self-descriptions: An automated meaning extraction method for natural language

Chung

Pennebaker

2008

Journal of Research in Personality

197

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new method for extracting common themes from written text is introduced and applied to 1,165 open-ended self-descriptive narratives. Drawing on a lexical approach to personality, the most commonly-used adjectives within narratives written by college students were identified using computerized text analytic tools. A factor analysis on the use of these adjectives in the selfdescriptions produced a 7-factor solution consisting of psychologically meaningful dimensions. Some dimensions were unipolar (e.g., Negativity factor, wherein most loaded items were negatively valenced adjectives); others were dimensional in that semantically opposite words clustered together (e.g., Sociability factor, wherein terms such as shy, outgoing, reserved, and loud all loaded in the same direction). The factors exhibited modest reliability across different types of writ writing samples and were correlated with self-reports and behaviors consistent with the dimensions. Similar analyses with additional content words (adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and verbs) yielded additional psychological dimensions associated with physical appearance, school, relationships, etc. in which people contextualize their self-concepts. The results suggest that the meaning extraction method is a promising strategy that determines the dimensions along which people think about themselves. Keywords LIWC; Meaning Extraction Method; natural language; self-descriptionsIn a job or clinical interview, meeting an office mate for the first time, or talking to someone at a party, we usually ask others to tell us about themselves. Directly or indirectly, we elicit people's descriptions of themselves to construct a coherent sense of them. With the exception of a small group of social and personality psychologists, most people consider free descriptions as the currency of everyday life. From the media describing politicians and celebrities, reference letters, or through casual observation and gossip, much of what we think and know about others is shaped by everyday descriptions of them.Although free descriptions are the natural form of appraising what people are like, most formal personality assessment methods use itemized questionnaires. With statistical methods, questionnaires make it easy to summarize people's personality trait levels, to make comparisons across respondents, and to generalize across groups. With a common vocabulary of personality factors, it is easy for researchers to communicate with one another about the major dimensions of personality that are associated with a variety of behaviors. A recurring

show abstract

“…In this case, situation variance contributes to error in the G coefficient, reducing generalizability of ratings. Kenny, Mohr, and Levesque (2001) reviewed studies examining interaction partner as one important species of social situation and found little evidence of S variance on a variety of behavioral ratings. The DPICS varies situations by altering the instructional set, and this produces greater evidence of general situational response sets.…”

Section: Situation (S) Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

What sources contribute to variance in observer ratings? Using generalizability theory to assess construct validity of psychological measures

Lakes

Hoyt

2008

Infant and Child Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We illustrate the utility of generalizability theory (GT) as a conceptual framework that encourages psychological researchers to address this question and as a flexible set of analytic tools that can provide answers to inform both substantive theory and measurement practice. To illustrate these capabilities, we analyze observer ratings of 27 caregiver-child dyads, focusing on the importance of situational (contextual) factors as sources of variance in observer ratings of caregiver-child behaviors. Cross-situational consistency was relatively low for the categories of behavior analyzed, indicating that dyads vary greatly in their interactional patterns from one situation to the next, so that it is difficult to predict behavioral frequencies in one context from behaviors observed in a different context. Our findings suggest that single-situation behavioral measures may have limited generalizability, either to behavior in other contexts or as measures of global interaction tendencies. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and measurement design in developmental psychology.

show abstract

A social relations variance partitioning of dyadic behavior.

Cited by 162 publications

References 71 publications

Contextualizing person perception: Distributed social cognition.

Contextualizing person perception: Distributed social cognition.

Revealing dimensions of thinking in open-ended self-descriptions: An automated meaning extraction method for natural language

What sources contribute to variance in observer ratings? Using generalizability theory to assess construct validity of psychological measures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About