A Socioecological Examination of Observing Littering Behavior

Almosa, Yara; Parkinson, Joy; Rundle‐Thiele, Sharyn

doi:10.1080/10495142.2017.1326354

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Littering is widely recognized as an ongoing global problem with several implications on human health and the integrity of the environment (Al-Mosa, Parkinson, & Rundle-Thiele, 2017a). Likewise, public littering is considered as an important environmental problem in the Middle East that can result in serious negative impacts such as aesthetic blight, health issues and an economical burden (Arafat et al, 2007;Al-Khatib et al, 2009;Al-Mosa, Parkinson, & Rundle-Thiele, 2017b). Waste management, including public littering, is one of the main challenges to sustainable development in the Arabian Gulf countries (Al-Ansari, 2012; Al-Maaded, Madi, Kahraman, Hodxic, & Ozerkan, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and opinions towards public littering in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Freije

Naser

Abdulla

2019

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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Public littering is widely recognized as an ongoing global problem with several implications on human health and the integrity of the environment. Waste management is one of the main challenges to sustainable development in the Arabian Gulf countries. Identifying factors that influence littering behaviour is critical for designing effective strategies to reduce or prevent littering. The present study investigated attitudes and opinions regarding public littering in the Kingdom of Bahrain using a questionnaire-based assessment to 408 respondents. Findings showed that around (74.26-80.54%) of the respondents indicated that they never litter in public places while those with (11.33-12.50%) admitted to litter when there is no littering facilities. The majority of the respondents (92.96%) recognized that the cleanness of public places is a shared responsibility between the governmental bodies and the public. Respondents showed positive attitude towards participating in cleaning campaigns. Age and gender were found to influence attitude and behaviour towards public littering in Bahrain. The study recommended adopting effective litter prevention project that may include public policies, technology, and educational and awareness programmes in Bahrain. Further research opportunities to draw a comprehensive picture about littering in Bahrain are also outlined. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and opinions towards public littering in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Freije

Naser

Abdulla

2019

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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“…handwashing) (Rundle-Thiele, 2009). Structured covert observations, which involve the observation and recording of actual behavior were used for this study (Almosa, Parkinson, & Rundle-Thiele, 2017). An observation protocol and coding sheet was employed to record the observations of individual handwashing behavior as they used the toilets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social marketing scholars have called for research to extend beyond the individual to include the environment where the behavior occurs (Brennan, Binney, Parker, Aleti, & Nguyen, 2014; Domegan et al, 2016; Parkinson, Schusteret al, 2016). Given the context of the current study is schools, and HWWS programs are funded by governments, this study is guided by a socioecological assessment to examine the individual, social, and environmental factors that influence HWWS behavior (Almosa, Parkinson, & Rundle-Thiele, 2017). Therefore, to better understand Malawian school children’s current HWWS behavior, this formative research is guided by the motivation, opportunity, and ability (MOA) framework to expand the enquiry beyond the individual to consider the upstream, midstream, and downstream forces of behavior change (Parkinson, Schusteret et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing the UNICEF Malawi School Handwashing Program

Parkinson

Mkandawire²,

Dietrich

et al. 2018

Social Marketing Quarterly

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Diarrhea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children and immune-compromised individuals in Malawi. Handwashing with soap (HWWS) is one of the most cost-effective health interventions to prevent diarrhea. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Malawi has adopted a social marketing approach to achieve large-scale behavioral change for HWWS. The study, commissioned by UNICEF Malawi, was developed by PSI Malawi and Griffith University and conducted by PSI Malawi. Formative research insights using two research studies are presented including observations at 30 primary schools in terms of HWWS behavior. Second, key informant interviews with school administrators and staff members were conducted to understand HWWS motivation, opportunity, and ability factors. This study found less than half of the assessed schools had handwashing facilities. Structural barriers that prevent school children from practicing HWWS were identified including a lack of financial resources to construct permanent handwashing facilities in schools. Many schools also experience a lack of support from the community as citizens are not aware of the benefits of HWWS. Changes to school and community infrastructure are required to facilitate the adoption of the behavior. Supporting activities to encourage school children to practice HWWS and reinforcement strategies to sustain the behavior over time should also be implemented. School children can then become change agents for HWWS by reinforcing the behavior at home thereby contributing to the achievement of the national objectives to reduce diarrhea and leading to improved health and well-being for communities in Malawi.

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“…Littering frequency increases as distance to a rubbish bin increases and in areas without rubbish bins [68,69]. Increasing access to rubbish bins in an area can discourage others from littering in that same area since people litter less in clean areas compared to littered areas [70][71][72][73]. Additionally, incorporating anti-littering signage in litter hot spot areas or on rubbish bins can also reduce littering.…”

Section: Encouraging "Better" Behaviour By Consumers Not Motivated Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Success of Water Refill Stations Reducing Single-Use Plastic Bottle Litter

et al. 2019

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Bottled water is one sector of the beverage industry that has recently experienced substantial growth. The littering of plastic water bottles and the carbon emissions produced from bottled water production results in harmful effects on the environment. To reduce the harm of bottled water production and litter, government and non-government organisations have implemented litter abatement and behavioural change strategies targeting bottled water consumption and subsequent loss of bottles to the environment. Our study evaluated the success of one of these strategies, which is a filtered water refill station, implemented along the Brisbane River in Queensland, Australia. We found plastic bottle litter decreased after a water refill station was put into operation. However, given the location of the refill station, we suggest the behavioural change strategy employed did not reach its full potential. We highlight factors that could be employed to achieve maximum benefits when implementing similar behavioural change strategies.

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A Socioecological Examination of Observing Littering Behavior

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Attitudes and opinions towards public littering in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Attitudes and opinions towards public littering in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Developing the UNICEF Malawi School Handwashing Program

The Success of Water Refill Stations Reducing Single-Use Plastic Bottle Litter

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