A socioeconomic deprivation index for small areas in Denmark

Meijer, Mathias; Engholm, Gerda; Grittner, Ulrike; Bloomfield, Kim

doi:10.1177/1403494813483937

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, 80.5% of the women were registered as having a test performed at Control 1, which indicates a predominantly correct coding. A further limitation of this study concerns the possible demographic selection bias related to its basis in the relatively deprived North Denmark Region [12, 29]. A higher proportion of socioeconomically disadvantaged women in our population may have led to an overestimated risk of diabetes related outcomes in relation to non-attendance in follow-up screening, since socioeconomic status is a determinant for diabetes [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes – a register based study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWomen whose pregnancy was complicated by gestational diabetes have a 7-fold higher risk of developing diabetes, primarily type 2. Early detection can prevent or delay the onset of late complications, for which follow-up screening is important. This study investigated the extent of participation in follow-up screening and the possible consequences of nonattendance in the Region of North Jutland, Denmark.MethodIn Danish national registers covering the years 1994–2011 we identified 2171 birthing women whose pregnancy was complicated by first-time gestational diabetes. Control visits to general practitioners and biochemical departments after giving birth were charted. Following national guidelines we defined four intervals for assessment of participation in follow-up screening. Diagnosis of diabetes or treatment with glucose-lowering agents after giving birth were also identified. Participation in follow-up screening and risk of diabetes was calculated. Time to obtaining diagnosis of diabetes or initiating treatment was analysed by Cox regression models. All models were adjusted for age, ethnicity and income.ResultsHigh attendance was found during the first control interval, after which attendance decreased with time after giving birth for both controls at general practitioners and biochemical departments. All differences in proportions were statistically significant. Women attending controls at general practitioners had a significantly higher risk of diabetes diagnosis and treatment after gestational diabetes than women not attending. The results for women attending testing at biochemical departments also showed an increased risk of initiation of treatment. Women attending at least one general practitioners control had a significantly higher risk of early diabetes diagnosis or treatment. Time to initiation of treatment was significantly higher for testing at biochemical departments. Women with high incomes had a significantly lower risk of diabetes diagnosis or initiation of treatment compared to low-income women.ConclusionParticipation in follow-up screening after gestational diabetes is low in the North Denmark Region. Follow-up screening ensures early detection of diabetes and initiation of treatment. Our results emphasize the importance of development of interventions to improve early detection and prevention of diabetes after gestational diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes – a register based study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They have been implemented more recently in Europe [13–20]. Their main limitation when used to approximate individual SES is ecological bias, leading to misclassification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the ecological bias of seven aggregate social deprivation indices

Bryère

Pornet

Copin³

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn aggregate studies, ecological indices are used to study the influence of socioeconomic status on health. Their main limitation is ecological bias. This study assesses the misclassification of individual socioeconomic status in seven ecological indices.MethodsIndividual socioeconomic data for a random sample of 10,000 persons came from periodic health examinations conducted in 2006 in 11 French departments. Geographical data came from the 2007 census at the lowest geographical level available in France. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves, the areas under the curves (AUC) for each individual variable, and the distribution of deprived and non-deprived persons in quintiles of each aggregate score were analyzed.ResultsThe aggregate indices studied are quite good “proxies” for individual deprivation (AUC close to 0.7), and they have similar performance. The indices are more efficient at measuring individual income than education or occupational category and are suitable for measuring of deprivation but not affluence.ConclusionsThe study inventoried the aggregate indices available in France and evaluated their assessment of individual SES.

show abstract

“…Ecological deprivation indices were first developed in the early 1980s in the UK, 3 10 11 then in numerous countries across the world, including the USA, 12 Canada, 13 14 New Zealand 15 and, more recently, in Italy, 16–18 France, 19–22 Spain, 23 24 Sweden, 25 the Czech Republic 26 and Denmark. 27 Since 2000, an index measuring multiple deprivation (IMD) at the small-area level became the official area deprivation index in the whole of the UK. 28–30 The approach used conceptualised multiple deprivation as a composite of different dimensions or domains of deprivation as anticipated by Townsend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a cross-cultural deprivation index in five European countries

Guillaume

Pornet

Dejardin

et al. 2015

J Epidemiol Community Health

156

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDespite a concerted policy effort in Europe, social inequalities in health are a persistent problem. Developing a standardised measure of socioeconomic level across Europe will improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and causes of inequalities. This will facilitate developing, implementing and assessing new and more effective policies, and will improve the comparability and reproducibility of health inequality studies among countries. This paper presents the extension of the European Deprivation Index (EDI), a standardised measure first developed in France, to four other European countries—Italy, Portugal, Spain and England, using available 2001 and 1999 national census data.Methods and resultsThe method previously tested and validated to construct the French EDI was used: first, an individual indicator for relative deprivation was constructed, defined by the minimal number of unmet fundamental needs associated with both objective (income) poverty and subjective poverty. Second, variables available at both individual (European survey) and aggregate (census) levels were identified. Third, an ecological deprivation index was constructed by selecting the set of weighted variables from the second step that best correlated with the individual deprivation indicator.ConclusionsFor each country, the EDI is a weighted combination of aggregated variables from the national census that are most highly correlated with a country-specific individual deprivation indicator. This tool will improve both the historical and international comparability of studies, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying social inequalities in health and implementation of intervention to tackle social inequalities in health.

show abstract

A socioeconomic deprivation index for small areas in Denmark

Abstract: The index can be used to identify Danish parishes by their levels of deprivation and it provides municipalities with a tool to allocate resources to the geographic areas where they are most needed.

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes – a register based study

Associations between follow-up screening after gestational diabetes and early detection of diabetes – a register based study

Assessment of the ecological bias of seven aggregate social deprivation indices

Development of a cross-cultural deprivation index in five European countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About