A solid-state NMR investigation of the structure and dynamics of polyanilines

Kaplan, S.; Conwell, E. M.; Richter, A.F.; MacDiarmid, A. G.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(89)90301-9

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Both spectra showed a spectrum of emeraldine base, which was described by Kaplan et al 24 Peak assignment corresponds to numbering scheme given in structure 2. The C = N quinoid resonance (C-7) was observed at 157 ppm, which is typical for emeraldine and can not be observed in leucoemeraldine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline with Ferric Chloride

Yasuda

Shimidzu

1993

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Aniline was chemically oxidized and polymerized in water with FeCl 3 , with emphasis on molecular weight and yield. Reaction conditions, including reaction temperature, electrochemical equivalent ratio (FeCl3/aniline), reaction time, aniline and HCI concentrations, and atmosphere (in air and in N 2 ) were investigated and optimized. At an optimum condition, 20400 of number average molecular weight and 51 % of yield were obtained. The product was assumed emeraldine by elemental analysis, solid state 13 C NMR and IR spectroscopy. The effects of the reaction condition are discussed on the basis of the mechanisms which are proposed for electrochemical polymerization of aniline.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline with Ferric Chloride

Yasuda

Shimidzu

1993

Polym J

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“…The peaks for PAAMPSA-45 are assigned in Figure 1(e) in accordance to the chemical structure. 8,9 In addition to the polymer acid peaks between 10 and 70 ppm, as well as that at 175 ppm, a broad bump due to charge delocalization along the PANI backbone 10,11 appears between 100 and 160 ppm in the PANI-PAAMPSA spectra (Figure 1(a)-(d)), and its intensity increases with decreasing PAAMPSA content. This observation indicates that PANI content increases in PANI-PAAMPSA samples as the PAAMPSA content decreases.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Influence of Aniline to Acid Composition on the Electrical Conductivity of PANI-PAAMPSA

Yoo¹

2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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In this study, the influences of aniline to acid composition were investigated on the electrical conductivity of PANI-PAAMPSA. The ratio of aniline to sulfonic acid groups was optimized for the maximum conductivity of PANI-PAAMPSA. The conductivity is strongly correlated with the electronic structure of PANI-PAAMPSA; the highest conductivity of PANI-PAAMPSA was observed when PANI has the longest conjugation length.

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“…Kaplan et al employed 13 C and 2 H solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate PANI in emeraldine base (EB), leucoemeraldine (LEB), and emeraldine hydrochloride (ES) forms [42]. They confirmed the presence of alternating reduced and oxidized units in the EB structure by comparing the 13 C CP/MAS spectrum of EB to the spectra of the pristine and partly air-oxidized LEBs.…”

Section: The Structure and Molecular Dynamics Of Panimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This motion became partly inhibited in the ES form due to the π-character of the ring-nitrogen bonds and steric interactions with the neighboring chloride counterions. At higher temperatures free volume in polymer increased, making rings sterically less constrained by neighboring chains so that the number of fast flipping rings increased [42].…”

Section: The Structure and Molecular Dynamics Of Panimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Applications of Solid-State NMR to Conducting Polymers. The Special Case on Polyaniline

2020

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Polyaniline is one of the most well studied conducting polymers due to its advanced electrical, chemical, redox and morphological properties. The high conductivity of regular polyaniline, when partially oxidized and doped under acidic conditions, has been associated with the formation of unique electronic states known as polarons and bipolarons. Alternative aniline oxidation products and interesting nanotube and nanorod forms have been observed as the synthesis conditions are varied. Solid-state NMR has offered great opportunities for structural investigations and the determination of molecular dynamics in such a complex and diverse material. This review summarizes various applications of solid-state NMR techniques to polyaniline and its derivatives and the information that can be obtained by solid-state NMR.

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A solid-state NMR investigation of the structure and dynamics of polyanilines

Cited by 52 publications

References 14 publications

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline with Ferric Chloride

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline with Ferric Chloride

The Influence of Aniline to Acid Composition on the Electrical Conductivity of PANI-PAAMPSA

The Applications of Solid-State NMR to Conducting Polymers. The Special Case on Polyaniline

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