A Space Vector PWM Scheme for Multilevel Inverters Based on Two-Level Space Vector PWM

Gupta, Amit Kumar; Khambadkone, A.M.

doi:10.1109/tie.2006.881989

Cited by 369 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The SVM principle is based on the switching between two adjacent active vectors and two zero vectors during one period. It uses the space vector concept to compute the duty cycle of the switches [6,7,8,9].In this model no decoupling mechanism is required. Due to the structure of the inverter, the DC bus voltage is fixed, therefore the speed of voltage space vectors are not under control, but we can adjust the speed by means of inserting the zero voltage vectors to control the electromagnetic torque generated by the induction motor.…”

Section: Direct Torque Control Based On Space Vector Modulation (Svm-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of vectors is also changed. It is not based on the region of the flux linkage, but on the error vector between the expected and the estimated flux linkage [6,7,8,9] …”

Section: Direct Torque Control Based On Space Vector Modulation (Svm-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DTC-SVM can improve effectively the torque ripple, and system's robustness. DTC-SVM method give high performance in modern driving vehicular technologies for AC motors and improve the system robustness, evidently reduce the torque and flux ripple, and effectively improve the dynamical performance [6,7]. The BuckBoost converter is used to enssure the energy required for the EV and the propulsion system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Four Wheel Electric Vehicle Behavior Using Fuel Cell Supply Moving on Mountain Region Condition

Nasri¹,

Gasbaoui²

2017

ijeei

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Autonomy is one of a most problems for commercialized electric vehicles. Especially that uses four wheels for motions. The weakest point for this kind is the battery energy management system, to solve this problem a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell is used. The PEMFC autonomy depends on storage state of fuel, in this work we focuses the relationship between mountain slope road effect and PEMFC power consumption behavior. In this study, the variation of the slope angle during trajectory is made and the behavior of PEMCF energy is presented in each steps. Simulations are carried on Matlab software. The proposed energy system develops the autonomy and gives more positive signs on stability for this vehicle moving on slope road condition with different road angles, the fuel cell response is quickest compared with lithium battery moving in the same condition.Keywords: PEMFC, slope angle, four wheel, autonomy, electric vehicle. IntroductionThe fuel cells are fuel-flexible, scalable, and modular, they remain excellent candidates for a wide range of electric vehicle applications from small electric scooter to an electric bus. Fuel cells are currently being demonstrated on land, in the sea, and in the air [1,2].The objective of uses Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) powered by hydrogen is to build a zero emission electric vehicle, suitable for use in widely populated areas [1,2,3] . PEM fuel cell is very important for power system, because it facilitates the understanding of the involved phenomena.PEM fuel cells were invented in the 1960s for military applications, after that it have been used since the 1970s in submarines. The first model was used for vehicular applications. Engelhard developed a fuel-cell-powered forklift about 1969. Many models have been proposed to simulate fuel cells in the literature, which have generally each the own specificities and utilities, following the studied phenomena [3,4]. The Direct Torque Control strategy (DTC) is one of the main technologies control for power propulsion system such as four wheel electric vehicle which need robust control. This kind of control have many more performances due to its simple structure and ability to achieve fast response of flux and torque. Those performances attracted growing interest in the recent years. DTC-SVM can improve effectively the torque ripple, and system's robustness. DTC-SVM method give high performance in modern driving vehicular technologies for AC motors and improve the system robustness, evidently reduce the torque and flux ripple, and effectively improve the dynamical performance [6,7]. The BuckBoost converter is used to enssure the energy required for the EV and the propulsion system. The aim object of this paper is to understand the behavior of PEM fuel cell controlled by DC-DC converter for 4WDEV slope road regions. For this reason the paper plan work is organized as follows: Section I present an overview on fuel cell. Section II shows the modeling of electric vehicle load and principle components of PEMFC. Sec...

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Section: Direct Torque Control Based On Space Vector Modulation (Svm-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of vectors is also changed. It is not based on the region of the flux linkage, but on the error vector between the expected and the estimated flux linkage [6,7,8,9] …”

Section: Direct Torque Control Based On Space Vector Modulation (Svm-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Four Wheel Electric Vehicle Behavior Using Fuel Cell Supply Moving on Mountain Region Condition

Nasri¹,

Gasbaoui²

2017

ijeei

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are six sectors (S1-S6), four triangles (Δ0-Δ3) in a sector, and a total of 27 switching states in this space vector diagram. As a method outlined in [7] suggests, each sector of the outer hexagon of three-level SVM can be divided into four smaller triangles, indexed as shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Dtc-svm With Three-level Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Comparison of 2-L & 3-L Inverter Fed Induction Motor DTC Drives

Sekhar¹,

Sekhar²

2011

IJCEE

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Abstract-Direct I. INTRODUCTIONInduction motors are the most widely used alternative in adjustable speed drives. Field Oriented Control (FOC) [1], and Direct Torque Control (DTC) [2,3] have emerged as the standard industrial solutions for high dynamic performance operation of these machines.In particular DTC offers attractive performance in terms of fast torque response, simple and less computational cumbersome control schemes, robustness against parameter variation, no need of PWM modulator and current regulators. However it has some draw backs like torque ripple, variable switching frequency, electromagnetic compatibility due to high frequency harmonic current and voltage. In recent years, research is going on DTC for multi level converters [5,6,9] attractive solution for high power applications, due to higher voltage operation capability, reduced common mode voltages, near sinusoidal outputs, low dv/dt's and smaller or even no output filter [4]. The most attractive features of this technology are in the medium to high-voltage application range (2-13 kV), which include motor drives, power distribution, power quality and power conditioning applications [13]. One of the advantages of multilevel inverters is that the voltage stress on each switching device is reduced. In addition, multilevel waveforms feature have less harmonic content compared to two level waveforms operating at the same switching frequency .In multi level inverters, it is easy to reach high voltage levels in high power applications with lower harmonic distortion and switching frequency, which is very difficult to get this performance with conventional two level inverters. The high-voltage switches are rather expensive, the employment of the double number of the cheaper switches are often economical favorable. Simultaneously the less IM current and torque distortions can be achieved by using of the more number of the feasible inverter states [9].In this paper two different DTC schemes will be compared with each other. These two schemes are DTC-SVM with two-level inverter and DTC-SVM with threelevel inverter. The Proposed scheme is described clearly and simulation results are reported to demonstrate its effectiveness. The entire control scheme is implemented with Matlab/Simulink. II. DTC-SVM WITH TWO-LEVEL INVERTER A. Vector Model of Inverter Output VoltageIn the PWM voltage source inverters, considering the combinations of the states of switching functions inverter switching state functions (C1, C2, and C3) which can take either 1 or 0, the voltage vector becomes.Eight switching combinations can be taken according to the above relationship: two zero voltage vectors and six non-zero voltage vectors show by Fig.2 [1][2]. B. Stator Flux and Torque EstimationThe components of the current (Isα, Isβ), and stator voltage (Vsα, Vsβ) are obtained by the application of the transformation given by (5) and (6)

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“…A decomposition method was introduced in [41] and also implemented in [42], [43], by which the SV hexagon of three-level inverter is decomposed into six two-level SV hexagons. This method still has huge complications for increased level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Space-Vector Pulse Width Modulation for Multilevel Inverters

Qamar

Wang

2017

CPSS TPEA

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Abstract-The selection of an appropriate modulation scheme plays a vital role to assure the performance of multilevel inverters. Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is more efficient among all other pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques due to its key characteristics like better DC voltage utilization, switching losses reduction and easiness in digital implementation. The conventional SVPWM scheme presents some computational complexities due to redundant switching states and large number of space vectors. This paper summarizes five different SVPWM techniques for multilevel inverters which are α-β frame, g-h frame, K-L frame, α'-β' frame and SVPWM based on imaginary coordinate system. g-h frame and K-L frame are based on 60° and 120° coordinates system respectively. To compare the result of these SVPWM schemes, the complex calculations of conventional SVP-WM are converted into simplified line voltages form. The comparison results validate all the SVPWM techniques, but the SVPWM based on imaginary coordinate is found more simple in duty ratio calculations, easier to understand and provides a better control for zero-sequence component for any level of inverter.Index Terms-g-h frame, imaginary coordinate system, K-L frame, multilevel inverters, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), α'-β' frame. I. IntroductIonN OWADAYS, the extensive use of multilevel inverters in high power and high voltage applications has made it a point of attraction for the researchers because of their remarkable performance. As compared with two-level inverters, multilevel inverters have various advantages, e.g. less harmonics in output current and voltages, reduced voltage stress across switching devices, lower dv/dt, better output wave form quality and lower common mode voltages [1], [2]. The diode-clamped 3 level neutral-point clamped (NPC) topology, as shown in Fig. 1 has been the most widely used one among all multilevel inverter topologies that have been proposed in literature [3]- [5].By using an appropriate PWM technique, from discrete voltage levels, multilevel inverters generate the sinusoidal output voltages of different frequencies. Multilevel inverter's output performance depends on modulation algorithm and various PWM algorithms have been developed so far to fulfill the following objectives: less total harmonic distortion (THD), wider linear modulation range, lower switching losses and easy implementation. Among these, the two most popular PWM generation algorithms for multilevel inverters are sinusoidal carrier-based PWM (SPWM) and space vector PWM (SVPWM). In engineering applications, SPWM algorithms maintained their credibility for a long period [6]-[10] but with the development of microcontrollers, SVPWM took place due to its easy digital implementation, better harmonics performance, high DC voltage utilization ratio, reduced switching losses and convenience for capacitor voltage balancing. Moreover, the SVPWM has 15% higher linear modulation range than that of SPWM [11]. However, by increasing the number of...

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A Space Vector PWM Scheme for Multilevel Inverters Based on Two-Level Space Vector PWM

Cited by 369 publications

References 17 publications

Four Wheel Electric Vehicle Behavior Using Fuel Cell Supply Moving on Mountain Region Condition

Four Wheel Electric Vehicle Behavior Using Fuel Cell Supply Moving on Mountain Region Condition

Simulation and Comparison of 2-L & 3-L Inverter Fed Induction Motor DTC Drives

A Survey on Space-Vector Pulse Width Modulation for Multilevel Inverters

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