A Spatial Analysis of Crime Incidence and Security Perception Around a University Campus

Lara, Daniela Vanessa Rodriguez; Silva, Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76059-5_28

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To statistically assess the potential associations among the variables obtained in Step 4, independent chi-squared (χ 2 ) tests and measures of effect were conducted. The chi-squared test is widely used in the literature of health and social studies [3,69]. One of its main objectives is to verify if there is an association between two categorical variables by comparing the observed frequencies in the sample with the expected frequencies under the hypothesis of independence.…”

Section: Step 5-influence Of Urban Violence On the Travel Patterns Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, these tests enabled the examination of the potential association between gender and aspects related to changes in travel patterns and the sense of security in the face of the threat of violence in public transport. squared test is widely used in the literature of health and social studies [3,69]. One of its main objectives is to verify if there is an association between two categorical variables by comparing the observed frequencies in the sample with the expected frequencies under the hypothesis of independence.…”

Section: Step 5-influence Of Urban Violence On the Travel Patterns Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sustainable city must address people's daily mobility needs through a safe environment and an efficient public transport system [2]. However, representative segments of the population, managers, and urban planners remain concerned about public safety [3], especially in Latin American countries [4]. Research has identified various factors influencing the fear of crime in public spaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective

Cardoso,

Santos,

Tessarolo

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Public transport systems that ensure safe and efficient mobility are essential to promote sustainability in cities. However, public transport is susceptible to violence. Additionally, men and women have distinct perceptions of security, which can lead to different reactions in the face of danger. Therefore, considering this situation from a gender perspective, the goal of this study is to assess the levels of resilience in trips made by public transport users when exposed to violence. Data were collected from 763 individuals (women: 60.8%; men: 39.2%) within the academic community of a university campus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through an online questionnaire. The information obtained included the participants’ socioeconomic details, security perceptions, and changes in travel patterns due to security concerns. The results of the Cronbach’s alpha test (0.842) indicated a good internal consistency within the data. Chi-squared tests of independence were applied, and calculations for effect size measures were conducted to evaluate the possible association between gender and other variables. Regarding the level of resilience of the trips made, evidence was found that the perception of safety and the behavior of public transport users are influenced by their gender. Regarding the gender of the respondents, an association was found with the resilience levels of trips. Furthermore, it was found that women are more vulnerable to violence in public transport than men, with risks of feeling unsafe during walks to or from stations and on buses being 1.1 and 1.5 times higher, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that the behavior of public transport users is significantly influenced by past victimization experiences, prompting measures for greater protection to be sought. The results of this study allow for a better understanding of how men and women feel exposed to violence when using public transport and can contribute to the creation of public policies to promote safety. Additionally, they can assist security authorities in directing and concentrating police efforts more effectively.

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Section: Step 5-influence Of Urban Violence On the Travel Patterns Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Step 5-influence Of Urban Violence On the Travel Patterns Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective

Cardoso,

Santos,

Tessarolo

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Car-Free Day on a University Campus: Determinants of Participation and Potential Impacts on Sustainable Travel Behavior

2022

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This research investigates the potential of inducing willingness to travel less by car with a Car-Free Day campaign and reveals under which circumstances it could be more effective. An online survey was conducted after the event, wherein questions about attitudes toward the campaign, participation and intention of traveling less by car, as well as sociodemographic attributes and travel features were asked. First, the impacts of situational constraints (travel distance, trip chaining and perceived insecurity) on participation were investigated. Secondly, it was examined whether engaging with the campaign increases the intention of traveling less by car after controlling for sociodemographic attributes, attitudes toward the campaign and situational constraints. Logistic regression models have shown that increased travel distance and trip chaining curb participation in the campaign and that the odds of being positively influenced by the campaign is almost four times higher for individuals who engaged with the campaign compared with those who did not participate. This study provides important empirical evidence of a Car-Free Day campaign’s potential of fostering a more sustainable travel behavior, which so far has not been systematically investigated. Finally, relevant policy implications and guidelines on the planning and conduction of a Car-Free Day event that could enhance the likelihood of its success were discussed.

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A Spatial Analysis of Crime Incidence and Security Perception Around a University Campus

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective

Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective

Car-Free Day on a University Campus: Determinants of Participation and Potential Impacts on Sustainable Travel Behavior

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