A spatial analysis of the geographic distribution of musculoskeletal and general practice healthcare clinics in Auckland, New Zealand

Sanders, Lara J.; Aguilar, Glenn; Bacon, Catherine J.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.07.014

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For example, Hilmers, Hilmers, and Dave (2012) review of 24 studies found generally greater levels of neighborhood accessibility to unhealthy food outlets in deprived neighborhoods or neighborhoods with a greater proportion of residents from an ethnic minority. In Auckland, New Zealand, Sanders, Aguilar, and Bacon (2013) found that the provision of private musculoskeletal clinics was concentrated in ethnically European neighborhoods, but that the provision of publicly-funded general practitioners was not racially patterned. Similarly, a national county-level analysis of the distribution of physician assistants and medical doctors in the United States found that levels of provision were greater in counties with a greater proportion of white, non-Hispanic residents (Shaffer & Zolnik, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Equity, discrimination and remote policy: Investigating the centralization of remote service delivery in the Northern Territory

Markham

Doran

2015

Applied Geography

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Equity, discrimination and remote policy: Investigating the centralization of remote service delivery in the Northern Territory

Markham

Doran

2015

Applied Geography

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“…[7][8][9] The increasing interest in geographic access to PHC services in Canada has focused predominantly on physicians, and dentists. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In relation to vision care services, the few studies in Canada to date have focused on either ophthalmologists only [17,18] or combined distribution of ophthalmologists and optometrists. [19] Optometrists are identified as "independent primary health care providers and represent the front line of vision health" (CAO website) and practice in a diverse range of settings across Canada including private practice, community health centres, and hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Availability To Optometry Services Across Canada: Mapping Distribution, Need And Self-Reported Use

Shah

Milosavljevic

Bath

2020

Preprint

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Background: This research investigates the distribution of optometrists in Canada relative to population health needs and self-reported use of vision care services. Methods: Optometrist locations were gathered from provincial regulatory bodies. A geocoding approach converted descriptive data into geographic coordinates. Utilizationof vision care services was extracted from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2013-2014 question regarding self-reported contacts with optometrists or ophthalmologistsproviders. Data from the 2016 Statistics Canada census were used to create three population 'need' subgroups (65 years and over; low-income; and people aged 15 and over with less than a high school diploma). Optometrist-to-population ratios, expressed as number of providers per 10,000 people at the health region level, were then calculated.Three classes: low (< -1.5 standard deviation (SD); -1.5 to -0.50 SD), moderate (-0.5 to 0.5 SD), and high (0.50 to 1.5 SD, > 1.5 SD) were used as a cut-off for demonstrating distributionof optometrists across health regions). Cross-classification mapping compared optometrist distribution to self-reported use of vision care services in relation to need. Results: A total of 5,959 optometrists working across ten Canadian provinces were included in this analysis. The nationwide distribution of optometrists is variable across Canada and they are predominantly concentrated in urban areas. The mean ratio of optometrists across Canada was 1.70 optometrists per 10,000 people (range = 0.13 to 2.92). Out of 109 health regions (HRs), 26 were classified as low ratios, 51 HRs were classified as moderate ratios, and 32 HRs were high ratios. Thirty-five HRs were classified as low utilization, 39 HRs were classified as moderate, and 32 HRs as high utilization. HRs with a low optometrist ratio relative to eye care utilization and a high proportion of key sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. older age, low income) are located throughout Canada and identified with maps indicating areas of likely greater need for optometry services. Conclusion: This research provides a nationwide overview of vision care provided by optometrists identifying gaps in geographic availabilityrelative to "supply" and "need" factors. This examination of variation in accessibility to optometric services will be useful to inform workforce planning and policies.

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“…To date, there has been little work in Canada or internationally, that has focused on investigating geographical barriers to accessing PT services, particularly in relation to other PHC providers such as FPs. Although there has been an increasing interest in geographic access to health care services to determine under‐served areas and under‐served populations (Guagliardo et al ; Roeger et al ; Ngui and Apparicio ; Bell et al ; Crooks and Schuurman ; Bell et al ; Sanders et al ), most of this work has focused exclusively on physician services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing geographical distribution of community‐based physiotherapists and family physicians across Saskatchewan

Shah

Bath

Milosavljevic

2015

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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Key Messages This comparative analysis between the spatial accessibility to physiotherapists (PTs) and family physicians (FPs) highlights poorly served municipalities through mapping. A large volume of population age 65 and over, low‐income individuals, recent immigrants, and those of aboriginal status/ethnicity have reduced access to PT services particularly in rural and remote municipalities.

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A spatial analysis of the geographic distribution of musculoskeletal and general practice healthcare clinics in Auckland, New Zealand

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Equity, discrimination and remote policy: Investigating the centralization of remote service delivery in the Northern Territory

Equity, discrimination and remote policy: Investigating the centralization of remote service delivery in the Northern Territory

Geographic Availability To Optometry Services Across Canada: Mapping Distribution, Need And Self-Reported Use

Comparing geographical distribution of community‐based physiotherapists and family physicians across Saskatchewan

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