A spatially-dense regression study of facial form and tissue depth: Towards an interactive tool for craniofacial reconstruction

Shrimpton, Sarah; Daniels, Katleen; Greef, Sven De; Tilotta, Françoise; Willems, Guy; Vandermeulen, Dirk; Suetens, Paul; Claes, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.10.021

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Procrustes residuals are highly correlated, and there are more Procrustes residuals than observations in our sample. In such situations PLSR is preferable to ordinary least-squares regression (Wold et al 1984;Shrimpton et al 2014).…”

Section: Partial Least-squares Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially dense morphometrics of craniofacial sexual dimorphism in 1‐year‐olds

et al. 2016

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Recent advances in the field of geometric morphometrics allow for powerful statistical hypothesis testing for effects of biological and environmental variables on anatomical shape. This study used partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and the recently developed bootstrapped response-based imputation modelling (BRIM) algorithm to test for sexual dimorphism in the craniofacial shape of 1-year-old humans. We observed a recession of the forehead in boys relative to girls, and differences in the nose, consistent with adult dimorphism. Results also suggest that the degree to which individuals express dimorphic traits is continuous throughout the population. This is also seen in adult dimorphism but in 1-year-olds the amount of overlap between groups is much higher, indicating the strength of dimorphism between sexes is lower. Our results demonstrate early sexual dimorphism that is not attributable to the influx of sex hormones at puberty. This highlights the need to look at very early ontogeny for the origins of sexual dimorphism. We suggest that future work look at potential mediating effects of this early dimorphism on the later impact of puberty. The subtle shape differences we have detected, may also be applied to sexing fossilised crania. A common artefact in 3D images of faces of young children is that they often have their mouths open to varying degrees, introducing variability in the data unrelated to anatomy. We describe two PLSR-based methods of correcting this. These methods may facilitate surgical planning and assessment of young children based on 3D images.

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Section: Partial Least-squares Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially dense morphometrics of craniofacial sexual dimorphism in 1‐year‐olds

et al. 2016

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“…The effect of each SNP independent from RIP-S and RIP-A was modeled in a separate partial PLSR; similar to the manner in which the original RIP variables were created. Following [30], the effect on a particular quasi-landmark was measured as the magnitude or Euclidean distance of its displacement in 3D space. The effect-size or strength of the relationship was reported as the variance explained by the PLSR model (R 2 ).…”

Section: Generating 3d Pictorial Effects On Facial Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward DNA-based facial composites: Preliminary results and validation

Claes

Hill

Shriver

2014

Forensic Science International: Genetics

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“…Body mass and weight have also be taken into consideration by Parks et al, who, given the documented prevalence of obesity in U.S.A. area, purposely assembled U.S. population to consider escalating weight of them [10]. BMI was also taken into consideration by Shrimpton et al [9], together with sex and age. Nonetheless, specific studies showed that a correlation exists between soft-tissue depth thickness and underlying craniometric dimension regardless to diet, age, and sex [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facial shape reconstruction from skulls of dead bodies is used to recreate the ante-mortem face of an unidentified person [7]. This technique is called facial approximation or (cranio) facial reconstruction and is strictly connected to the evaluation of Facial Soft-Tissue Thickness (FSTT) [8], also called Tissue Depths (TD) [9]. Basically, "accepting that craniofacial soft tissue depths play a fundamental role in the development of an effective facial approximation, it is essential that tissue depth datasets appropriately approximate modern populations" [ [10]: page 146e8].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parks et al, supported by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Laboratory Division, aimed at building a detailed tissue depth database among 25 landmarks and compared it with previous relevant studies [10]. Similarly, sex-, age-, and weight-differentiated tissue depths have been investigated by Shrimpton et al [9], who used a large set of quasi-landmarks in a spatially-dense scenario. Relevant investigations about Tallied Facial Soft Tissue Depth Tables (T-Tables) have been undertaken by Stephan relying on the same 25 landmarks [14].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial Landmarks for Forensic Skull-Based 3D Face Reconstruction: A Literature Review

Vezzetti

Marcolin

Tornincasa

et al. 2016

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Recent Face Analysis advances have focused the attention on studying and formalizing 3D facial shape. Landmarks, i.e. typical points of the face, are perfectly suited to the purpose, as their position on visage shape allows to build up a map of each human being's appearance. This turns to be extremely useful for a large variety of fields and related applications. In particular, the forensic context is taken into consideration in this study. This work is intended as a survey of current research advances in forensic science involving 3D facial landmarks. In particular, by selecting recent scientific contributions in this field, a literature review is proposed for in-depth analyzing which landmarks are adopted, and how, in this discipline. The main outcome concerns the identification of a leading research branch, which is landmark-based facial reconstruction from skull. The choice of selecting 3D contributions is driven by the idea that the most innovative Face Analysis research trends work on three-dimensional data, such as depth maps and meshes, with three-dimensional software and tools. The third dimension improves the accurateness and is robust to colour and lightning variations.

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A spatially-dense regression study of facial form and tissue depth: Towards an interactive tool for craniofacial reconstruction

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

Spatially dense morphometrics of craniofacial sexual dimorphism in 1‐year‐olds

Spatially dense morphometrics of craniofacial sexual dimorphism in 1‐year‐olds

Toward DNA-based facial composites: Preliminary results and validation

Facial Landmarks for Forensic Skull-Based 3D Face Reconstruction: A Literature Review

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