A spatially resolved investigation of oxygen adsorption on polycrystalline copper and titanium by means of photoemission electron microscopy

The influence of intercalated oxygen on the properties of graphene on polycrystalline Cu under various environmental conditions

“…73 Furthermore, since the reported WF for polycrystalline Cu is E4.65 eV, the comparatively low average values observed during the first cycle indicate a thin layered well ordered graphitic carbon, visible especially after removal of contaminants at 250 1C. 86 At this temperature, the WF is in good agreement with values reported in the literature for pristine graphene on Cu which is lower than that of multilayer systems such as multi walled carbon nanotubes or graphite. 87,88 During cycle 2 and 3 with an increasing 284.4/284.7 peak ratio and larger amounts of residual Cu-oxygen at 400 1C the baseline of the WF increases as well to approx.…”

Work‐function imaging of oriented copper grains by photoemission

“…7 Analysis of the onset of true secondary photoelectrons excited by higher photon energies is suitable for determination of the work function. 8 …”

Oxidation of polycrystalline Ni studied by spectromicroscopy: Phase separation in the early stages of crystallite growth

“…NiO is the most common anti-ferromagnetic component in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic compound materials [3,4], where the film homogeneity is of extreme importance. The oxidation of Ni has, therefore, been studied over many years both on single crystal and polycrystalline samples [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In order to describe the early stages a three-step mechanism has been proposed by Holloway and Hudson [9,10] for Ni{111} and {100}: the first step involves fast dissociative chemisorption of oxygen; secondly, NiO clusters nucleate and grow forming a thin NiO film; the last step involves slow thickening of the NiO film, which is limited by the diffusion of nickel cations through the oxide film [11].…”

“…In this study PEEM and LEEM were used for real time imaging with a lateral resolution in the nm range enabling the study of the growth kinetics of oxide formation for several facets and their boundaries simultaneously [18]. In addition, the observed features can be characterized structurally and chemically using LEED and NEXAFS, respectively.…”