A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

Steadman, Henry J.; Stainbrook, Kristin; Griffin, Patricia A.; Draine, Jeffrey; Dupont, Randy; Horey, Cathy

doi:10.1176/appi.ps.52.2.219

Cited by 99 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several researchers have attempted to redress the conceptual confusion surrounding mental health diversion (Goldkamp & Irons-Guyn, 2000;Steadman et al, 2001;Slate, 2003). From this work the following four key elements are associated with programs that were perceived to be successful and that are certainly applicable to pre-arrest diversion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre‐arrest diversion of people with mental illness: literature review and international survey

Hartford

Carey²,

Mendonça³

2006

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Mental health diversion is a process where alternatives to criminal sanctions are made available to persons with mental illness (PMI) who have come into contact with the law. One form of mental health diversion is pre-arrest, in which the police use their discretion in laying charges. Concomitant with the growth of pre-arrest diversion programs is a growing body of research devoted to the phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing literature of pre-arrest diversion, and to report the results of an international survey of pre-arrest diversion programs we conducted to identify evidence-based practices. On the basis of our review and survey, we note that successful pre-trial programs appear to integrate relevant mental health, substance abuse and criminal justice agencies by having regular meetings between key personnel from the various agencies. Often, a liaison person with a mandate to effect strong leadership plays a key role in the coordination of various agencies. Streamlining services through the creation of an emergency drop-off center with a no-refusal policy for police cases is seen as crucial. While there is some indication that mentally ill offenders benefit from their participation in this form of diversion, the evaluative literature has not yet achieved the "critical mass" necessary to create generalizable, evidence-based knowledge. The absence of generally agreed-upon outcomes could lead to the inequitable application of basic principles of diversion. We suggest that indicators, benchmarks, and outcomes must be agreed upon if a comprehensive understanding of pre-arrest programs is to emerge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre‐arrest diversion of people with mental illness: literature review and international survey

Hartford

Carey²,

Mendonça³

2006

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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“…Different strategies have been developed to provide a mobile team of police, mental health professionals, or both to respond to persons with mental illness in the community who are in crisis (42,43). Many jurisdictions use sworn police officers who have special mental health training to provide crisis intervention services and to act as liaisons to the mental health system (44).…”

Section: Mobile Crisis Teamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These persons may actually deal with mental health emergency situations on-site or act as consultants to the officers at the scene. This model places a heavy reliance on psychiatric emergency services that have agreed to a no-refusal policy for persons brought to them by the police (43). This strategy minimizes the participation of mental health professionals in the field.…”

Section: Mobile Crisis Teamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Police and Mental Health

Lamb¹,

Weinberger²,

DeCuir³

2002

379

245

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With deinstitutionalization and the influx into the community of persons with severe mental illness, the police have become frontline professionals who manage these persons when they are in crisis. This article examines and comments on the issues raised by this phenomenon as it affects both the law enforcement and mental health systems. Two common-law principles provide the rationale for the police to take responsibility for persons with mental illness: their power and authority to protect the safety and welfare of the community, and their parens patriae obligations to protect individuals with disabilities. The police often fulfill the role of gatekeeper in deciding whether a person with mental illness who has come to their attention should enter the mental health system or the criminal justice system. Criminalization may result if this role is not performed appropriately. The authors describe a variety of mobile crisis teams composed of police, mental health professionals, or both. The need for police officers to have training in recognizing mental illness and knowing how to access mental health resources is emphasized. Collaboration between the law enforcement and mental health systems is crucial, and the very different areas of expertise of each should be recognized and should not be confused.

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“…Training in crisis intervention has been shown to be eff ective when it involves consultation with mental health professionals and community service providers (Steadman et al, 2001). …”

Section: Training Eff Ectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Cross-Disciplinary Teams for Developing First Responder Training in TBI

Shackelford

Cappiccie

2016

JPCOE

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Misunderstanding of the symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leaves fi rst responders ill-equipped to handle encounters involving subjects with brain injury. This paper details a cross-disciplinary project to develop and disseminate a training curriculum designed to increase fi rst responders' knowledge of and skills with TBI survivors. The article aims to assist other professionals in understanding the process of working within a cross-disciplinary team to develop and disseminate a training curriculum. Lessons learned based on the development of such a curriculum for fi rst responders working with persons with TBI will be valuable to training coordinators and serve as best practices for implementing similar training programs for specialized learner groups. RésuméL'incompréhension des symptômes du traumatisme crânien laisse souvent les premiers répondants mal équipés pour gérer des interventions auprès de traumatisés crâniens. Cet article expose les détails d'un projet interdisciplinaire visant à créer et à faire connaître un programme de formation conçu pour hausser le niveau de connaissances des premiers répondants envers les traumatisés crâniens, et pour améliorer leurs aptitudes à leur venir en aide. Il vise aussi à aider d'autres professionnels à comprendre le processus de travail d'une équipe multidisciplinaire pour créer un programme de formation et le partager. Les leçons apprises par la création d'un tel programme pour premiers répondants travaillant auprès de traumatisés crâniens seront précieuses pour les coordonnateurs de J o u r n a l o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , C o n t i n u i n g , a n d O n l i n e E d u c a t i o n , V o l 1 . 1 , 2 0 1 6 J o u r n a l d e l a f o r m a t i o n p r o f e s s i o n n e l l e , p e r m a n e n t e , e t e n l i g n e , V o l 1 . 1 , 2 0 1 6 J P C O E . n e t 1 JPCOE JFPPEL R e p o r t o f P r a c t i c e / R a p p o r t d e p r a t i q u e I n c r e a s i n g F i r s t R e s p o n d e r s ' K n o w l e d g e o f Tr a u m a t i c B r a i n I n j u r y 2 J P C O E , V o l 1 . 1 , 2 0 1 6 J F P P E L , V o l 1 . 1 , 2 0 1 6 J P C O E . n e t

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A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

Cited by 99 publications

References 12 publications

Pre‐arrest diversion of people with mental illness: literature review and international survey

Pre‐arrest diversion of people with mental illness: literature review and international survey

The Police and Mental Health

The Power of Cross-Disciplinary Teams for Developing First Responder Training in TBI

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