A spectrophotometric method for determining the aflatoxins

Nabney, J.; Nesbitt, Brenda F.

doi:10.1039/an9659000155

Cited by 322 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…The resulting moldy rice was dried and ground to a fine powder and analyzed for aflatoxins by spectrophotomic methods described by Nabney and Nesbitt (1965). A weighed amount of the rice powder was added to the basal feed ration to attain the desired concentration of the dietary aflatoxin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Aflatoxin on Wild Turkey Poults

Quist

Bounous²,

Kilburn

et al. 2000

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Aflatoxins, toxic metabolites of Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus, cause poor feed utilization, decreased weight gains, depressed immune function, liver dysfunction, coagulation abnormalities, and death in a wide variety of species including humans. Conservationists have become concerned that increasingly popular wildlife feeding or baiting practices could expose wildlife to toxic amounts of aflatoxin-contaminated grains. In particular, the effects of aflatoxins on the wild turkey (Meleagris gallopova silvestris) are of concern because the conspecific domestic turkey is highly susceptible to aflatoxins. To evaluate the effect of dietary aflatoxin on wild turkeys, four groups of 4-mo-old wild turkeys were fed diets containing either 0, 100, 200, or 400 g aflatoxin/kg feed for 2 wk in September and October 1996. Aflatoxin-fed poults had decreased feed consumption and weight gains as compared with control poults. Decreased liverto-body weight ratios, liver enzyme alterations, slightly altered blood coagulation patterns, and mild histologic changes indicated low-level liver damage. Compromise of cell-mediated immunity was indicated by decreased lymphoblast transformation. The effects were apparent in all treatment groups to variable levels, but significant differences most often were found at 400 g aflatoxin/kg feed. This study shows that short-term aflatoxin ingestion by wild turkeys can induce undesirable physiologic changes; therefore, exposure of wild turkeys to feeds containing aflatoxin levels of 100 g aflatoxin/kg feed or more should be avoided.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Aflatoxin on Wild Turkey Poults

Quist

Bounous²,

Kilburn

et al. 2000

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…The fermented rice was autoclaved, ground to a powder, and the aflatoxin content was measured by spectrophotometric analysis (Nabney & Nesbitt, 1965). The aflatoxins within the rice powder consisted of 86.4% AFBi, 10.7% AFG b 2.8% AFB 2 and 0.1% AFG 2 , based on total aflatoxins in the rice powder given to the laying hens (0.549 mg/g rice).…”

Section: Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin‐containing feed

et al. 1994

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SUMMARYTwo groups of 32 laying hens (Hyssex Brown) and two groups of 32 23-day-old (Hybro) broiler chickens were fed 2.5 and 5 parts/10 6 of aflatoxin in their diet for 4, 8, 16 and 32 days; 16 hens and 32 chicks were maintained as control groups (0 parts/10 6 ). After the intoxication period, a clearance period was established of 1, 2, 4 and 8 days. Relative weights of liver and kidneys significantly increased in intoxicated hens, but not in broiler chickens. Histological lesions in both types of bird consisted of hepatic cell vacuolation with fatty infiltration. There was a significant decrease (P< 0.001) in egg production in the 5 parts/10 6 group, which started to recover during the clearance period. No morbidity or mortality due to the aflatoxicosis were observed in either type of bird. In intoxicated laying hens, cholesterol levels were not significantly (P> 0.05) different from control values, but triglyceride levels decreased (P< 0.001) in both intoxicated groups. The effect of aflatoxin on calcium and phosphorus levels was important, because on the 4th day their values decreased significantly. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum levels remained normal, whereas alanino aminotransferase (ALT) activity decreased in both intoxicated groups. The activity of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and gammaglutamil transferase (GGT) increased significantly. In intoxicated broiler chickens, aflatoxins did not alter (P> 0.05) the biochemical parameters studied, except that the serum calcium concentration was lower in the 5 parts/10 6 group. These data indicated that in intoxicated laving hens, a severe clinical biochemical alteration was produced, and that this together with the hepatic lesions observed in hens and broilers may aid disease diagnosis.

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“…Confirmatory test was performed with 50% sulphuric acid (Smith and McKernan, 1962). Quantification was done by preparative TLC on silica gel and spectrophotometry (Nabney and Nesbitt, 1965).…”

Section: Analysis Of Feed For Aflatoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paralysis and lameness associated with aflatoxicosis in broilers

1988

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SUMMARYTwo cases of aflatoxicosis in broilers were characterised, unusually, by trembling, ataxia, paralysis of legs and wings and lameness. Histopathology showed severe degeneration of hepatocytes, bile duct proliferation and depletion of lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs. Aspergillus flavus was isolated from the feed and litter. AflatoxinBi was detected in one sample at a concentration of 2.4 mg/kg.

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A spectrophotometric method for determining the aflatoxins

Cited by 322 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Dietary Aflatoxin on Wild Turkey Poults

The Effect of Dietary Aflatoxin on Wild Turkey Poults

Variations of clinical biochemical parameters of laying hens and broiler chickens fed aflatoxin‐containing feed

Paralysis and lameness associated with aflatoxicosis in broilers

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