A sphingolipid rich lipid fraction isolated from attenuated Leishmania donovani promastigote induces apoptosis in mouse and human melanoma cells in vitro

Ratha, Jagnyeswar; Majumdar, Kajal Nayan; Mandal, Sushil Kumar; Bera, Rabindranath; Sarkar, Chinmoy; Saha, Biswarup; Mandal, Chitra; Saha, Krishna Das; Bhadra, Rupak K.

doi:10.1007/s11010-006-9174-y

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Moreover, B16F10 cells treated with complex 3 (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 25 μM) for 24 h were incubated with Rhodamine 123 and the fluorescence emission was measured in a spectrofluorometer (LS50B; PerkinElmer) using fluorescence intensity at 535 nm as described earlier [29]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex inhibits mouse melanoma growth by p53 upregulation

et al. 2014

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BackgroundCancer treatment using gold (I) complexes is becoming popular. In this study, a gold (I) N-heterocyclic complex designated as complex 3 was synthesized, its cytotoxicity was examined, and its anti-melanoma activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.MethodsViability of cancer cells was determined by MTT assay upon treatment with various concentrations of a gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex (complex 3) in a dose and time dependent manner. Mouse melanoma cells B16F10 were selected for further apoptotic studies, including flowcytometric analysis of annexin binding, cell cycle arrest, intracellular ROS generation and loss in the mitochondrial membrane potential. ELISA based assays were done for caspase activities and western blots for determining the expression of various survival and apoptotic proteins. Immunocytology was performed to visualize the translocation of p53 to the nucleus. B16F10 cells were inoculated into mice and post tumor formation, complex 3 was administered. Immunohistology was performed to determine the expressions of p53, p21, NF-κB (p65 and p50), MMP-9 and VEGF. Student’s t test was used for determining statistical significance. The survival rate data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots.ResultsComplex 3 markedly inhibited the growth of HCT 116, HepG2, and A549, and induced apoptosis in B16F10 cells with nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, externalization of phosphatidylserine, activation of caspase 3 and caspase 9, PARP cleavage, downregulation of Bcl-2, upregulation of Bax, cytosolic cytochrome c elevation, ROS generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential loss indicating the involvement of an intrinsic mitochondrial death pathway. Further, upregulation of p53, p-p53 (ser 15) and p21 indicated the role of p53 in complex 3 mediated apoptosis. The complex reduced tumor size, and caused upregulation of p53 and p21 along with downregulation of NF-κB (p65 and p50), VEGF and MMP-9. These results suggest that it induced anti-melanoma effect in vitro and in vivo by modulating p53 and other apoptotic factors.ConclusionsThe gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex (C22H26N6AuO2PF6) designated as complex 3 induced ROS and p53 dependent apoptosis in B16F10 cells involving the mitochondrial death pathway along with suppression of melanoma tumor growth by regulating the levels of pro and anti apoptotic factors (p53, p21, NF-κB, VEGF and MMP-9).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex inhibits mouse melanoma growth by p53 upregulation

et al. 2014

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“…The changes in mitochondrial membrane potential of the treated cells were determined using a fluorescent probe, Rhodamine 123 [23]. Briefly, 5 μ L of Rhodamine 123 (1 mmol L –1 ) were added to the cells (2 × 10 5 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to detect the translocation of phosphatidylserine from inner cell membrane to outer cell membrane (a characteristic feature of cells undergoing apoptosis), cells were subjected to flow cytometric analysis after staining with Annexin V-FITC and PI [23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thujone‐Rich Fraction of Thuja occidentalis Demonstrates Major Anti‐Cancer Potentials: Evidences from In Vitro Studies on A375 Cells

Biswas

Mandal

Dutta

et al. 2011

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Crude ethanolic extract of Thuja occidentalis (Fam: Cupressaceae) is used as homeopathic mother tincture (TOΦ) to treat various ailments, particularly moles and tumors, and also used in various other systems of traditional medicine. Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties of TOΦ and the thujone-rich fraction (TRF) separated from it have been evaluated for their possible anti-cancer potentials in the malignant melanoma cell line A375. On initial trial by S-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, both TOΦ and TRF showed maximum cytotoxic effect on A375 cell line while the other three principal fractions separated by chromatography had negligible or no such effect, because of which only TRF was further characterized and subjected to certain other assays for determining its precise anti-proliferative and apoptotic potentials. TRF was reported to have a molecular formula of C10H16O with a molecular weight of 152. Exposure of TRF of Thuja occidentalis to A375 cells in vitro showed more cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects as compared with TOΦ, but had minimal growth inhibitory responses when exposed to normal cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cell). Furthermore, both TOΦ and TRF also caused a significant decrease in cell viability, induced inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse, increase in ROS generation, and release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation, all of which are closely related to the induction of apoptosis in A375 cells. Thus, TRF showed and matched all the anti-cancer responses of TOΦ and could be the main bio-active fraction. The use of TOΦ in traditional medicines against tumors has, therefore, a scientific basis.

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“…S12 †). 39 These results clearly indicate that PIA is effective for intracellular cytosine imaging agents having signicant cell permeability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“Turn-on” fluorescence sensing of cytosine: development of a chemosensor for quantification of cytosine in human cancer cells

Sarkar¹,

Sahoo²,

Mandal

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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A sphingolipid rich lipid fraction isolated from attenuated Leishmania donovani promastigote induces apoptosis in mouse and human melanoma cells in vitro

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex inhibits mouse melanoma growth by p53 upregulation

Gold (I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex inhibits mouse melanoma growth by p53 upregulation

Thujone‐Rich Fraction of Thuja occidentalis Demonstrates Major Anti‐Cancer Potentials: Evidences from In Vitro Studies on A375 Cells

“Turn-on” fluorescence sensing of cytosine: development of a chemosensor for quantification of cytosine in human cancer cells

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