“…To improve sensitivity with lower detection limits down to even a single-molecule level, nanomaterials are applied as promising candidates on sensing interfaces because of (1) the possibility to immobilize a remarkably enhanced quantity of receptor units at a reduced volume and (2) high conductivity which allows itself to act as a transduction element being able to significantly increase the electrical coupling between the analyte and the transducer . To enhance the sensitivity and stability of the sensing interface, Liu group has explored the modification of different nanomaertials (e.g., AuNPs, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides (GO), reduced graphene oxides (RGO), and the nanocomposites between GO and AuNPs) with aryldiazonium salts for sensing applications. ,,,,,− ,,, The following sections will discuss the nanomaterials modified sensing interfaces using aryldiazonium salts as coupling agents in detail.…”