A Stable, Reusable, and Highly Active Photosynthetic Bioreactor by Bio-Interfacing an Individual Cyanobacterium with a Mesoporous Bilayer Nanoshell

Abstract

An individual cyanobacterium cell is interfaced with a nanoporous biohybrid layer within a mesoporous silica layer. The bio-interface acts as an egg membrane for cell protection and growth of outer shell. The resulting bilayer shell provides efficient functions to create a single cell photosynthetic bioreactor with high stability, reusability, and activity.

Hierarchical MoS2@TiO2 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…The TiO 2 -nanosheets-loaded hierarchicalf lower-like MoS 2 structure can prevent the aggregation of MoS 2 and enhance the carrier transfer efficiency.T he heterostructures exhibit superior performance compared with pure MoS 2 in photocatalytic activity and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and high structural stability. Figure 1p resents the synthesis process and formation mechanism of MoS 2 @TiO 2 .A fter mixing of the TN, Mo, and Sp recursors ( Figure 1a), surfacea dsorption onto the protonic titanate nanosheets occurs by electrostatic attraction and the assembly of negative-positive-negative electric triple layers (Figure 1b and enlargement), [19,24,25] formed by the negative charges caused by Ti vacancies in the TN, the Mo 4 + ions, and the S 2À ions. During the hydrothermal process,M oS 2 layers nucleate ( Figure 1c), grow ( Figure 1d), and assemble ( Figure 1e).…”

Boron Nitride Nanotubes and Layer‐By‐Layer Polyelectrolyte Coating for Yeast Cell Surface Engineering

“…The proteins interact with polysaccharides of cell membrane and silica with electrostatic interaction using their amino and hydroxyl groups.T his bilayer structure over the cells increases their application yield in photosynthetic bioreactors. [2] Bacteria and yeast cells were also encapsulated with amino acid based self-repaired biohybrids to improve cellular communication and protection after the encapsulationp rocess. [3,4] In another study,the LbL cell encapsulation process wasused to stimulate calcium secretiono utside of the cellstop rovideamineral shell aroundt he cells.…”

bFGF and Poly‐RGD Cooperatively Establish Biointerface for Stem Cell Adhesion, Proliferation, and Differentiation

“…Controlling physicochemical properties of biointerfaces is a key factor to modulate the cell behavior on material surfaces for the design of high‐performance biomaterials, cell‐tissue constructs, and advanced cell culturing systems . Major approaches for the biointerface design have been concentrated on nanostructure fabrication and functional surface engineering . The interfacial nanostructures fabricated by photolithography and electrochemical deposition affect cell adhesion, growth, division, and migration .…”

“…For example, DNAs and proteins can form weak interactions such as hydrogen bonding . This approach has been extended to mesoporous materials, nanofluids, drug‐release systems, and cell‐based devices Most importantly, the cooperative effect that allows combining two or more types of biomolecules integrates materials with significantly different physiochemical properties, facilitating biointerfaces with different structures and properties at the macroscopic or microscopic scale . Such a combination usually possesses unique hybrid properties which are rare in single discretely, neither in the incorporated components nor in the host matrixes.…”

“…Such a combination usually possesses unique hybrid properties which are rare in single discretely, neither in the incorporated components nor in the host matrixes. For example, a bioinorganic cooperative effect can highly enhance stability and physicochemical property of Au@amino acid biohybrid layers around cells to form single cell bioreactors as the gold nanoparticles and amino acids cannot independently coat the cell surface . Furthermore, there are two features (multiple compositions and structures) based on the cooperative effect as applied to biointerfaces: diverse compositions can yield multiple functions .…”