A standard addition method for the quantitative determination of succinic acid and levulinic acid in processed acid stream extracts employing indirect UV capillary electrophoresis

Abstract

SummaryThis paper describes an capillary electrophoresis (CE) method used to quantify both succinic acid and levulinic acid in an industrial production process. Measurement was performed by CE with indirect UV detection, using potassium hydrogen phthalate as the UV-absorbing additive. The electrolyte composition used was 5 mM potassium hydrogen phthalate at pH 7.0 containing 0.25 mM cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as an electrosmotic flow (EOF) modifier to reverse the EOE The method provides for improved sensitivity by employing an extended path length capillary, and for identification and quantification by the use of a standard addition method.

Application of capillary electrophoresis for organic acid analysis in herbal studies

“…Baseline separation for all the anions investigated was observed in the electropherogram within 22 min separation time. The same pattern was also observed for monocarboxylic acids such as acetate (14), propionate (15), n-butyrate (18), valerate (19), capronate (21), and octanoate (23). For dicarboxylic acids with terminal acidic groups, the migration time was found to increase with increasing number of carbon atoms between the two acidic groups such as oxalate (4), malonate (5), succinate (10), glutarate (11), and adipate (12).…”

Success and failure with phthalate buffers in capillary zone electrophoresis

“…Many different probes have been reported as components of the BGE for indirect detection. One of them is phthalate that was first suggested for UV indirect detection in 1991 [3,4] and since that time it has been reported in many papers for the analysis of inorganic [5][6][7] and small organic anions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], and scarcely also for other classes of substances such as glycolysis metabolites [26], nucleotides [27], or peptides [28].…”

Capillary electrophoresis for short‐chain organic acids and inorganic anions in different samples

“…As chromophore and buffer have been employed phtalate [11,15,18,62,67,72,73,91,98,100], benzoate [9,36,81,82,85,86], PDC [5,6,10,14,20,25,38,61,75], TMA [22,45,54,57,58,74], MES [16,31], PMA [36,37,41,82], 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid with e-aminocaproic acid [35,96], 1,2-dimethylimidazole and trimellitic acid [13], p-hydroxybenzoate [40,43,47,63], p-anisate [84], 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid [42], salicylic acid with Tris [48,52], benzoic acid and Tris [107], NDC [39], ...…”

“…With uncoated capillaries and revesed polarity a surfactant must be added to decrease, suppress or even reverse the EOF. Cationic surfactants such as CTAB [5,6,10,11,18,23,26,38,40,42,55,72,73,76,78,79,88,134], CTAH [14,20,53,75], TTAB [7, 8, 22, 24, 31, 32, 39, 45, 51, 54, 57-61, 66, 74, 81, 82, 85-87,89], TTAOH [21,28], and MTAB [33,34,62] have traditionally been employed. Surfactants with different nature have also been employed such as HDM [25,50,80,82].…”

“…Table 1 summarizes the works published on food and beverages , Table 2 on environmental samples , Table 3 on industrial processes [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82], Table 4 on miscellaneous samples of diverse origin [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90], and Table 5 on body fluids [2,15,43, (see Addendum pp. 1964Addendum pp.…”