A standard format proposal for hierarchical analyses and representations

Rizo, David; Marsden, Alan

doi:10.1145/2970044.2970046

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This has a potential direct application in musical digital library systems since it gives a way to calculate an appropriate height for each branch from the essential information in the tree structure. Given a representation of a piece of music and its treestructure analysis, for example in a format such as proposed by Rizo and Marsden as an extension to MEI [14], it would be possible for a digital library system using this measure of salience to render analysis trees on the fly without needing to store an image representation of the tree.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No longer 'somewhat arbitrary'

Marsden

Tojo

Hirata

2018

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology

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Following earlier work on the formalisation of Lerdahl and Jackendoff's Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM), we present a measure of the salience of events in a reduction tree, based on calculations relating the duration of time-spans to the structure of the tree. This allows for the proper graphical rendition of a tree on the basis of its time-spans and topology alone. It also has the potential to contribute to the development of sophisticated digital library systems able to operate on music in a musically intelligent manner. We present results of an empirical study of branch heights in the figures in GTTM which shows that salience calculated according to our proposals correlates better with branch height than alternatives. We also discuss the possible musical significance of this measure of salience. Finally we compare some results using salience in the calculation of melodic similarity on the basis of reduction trees to earlier results using time-span. While the correlation between these measures and human ratings of the similarity of the melodies is poor, using salience shows a definite improvement. Overall, the results suggest that the proposed definition of salience gives a potentially useful measure of an event's importance in a musical structure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No longer 'somewhat arbitrary'

Marsden

Tojo

Hirata

2018

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology

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“…Our proposal has recently been presented at the Music Encoding Initiative Conference 2016 in Montréal and Digital Libraries for Musicology 2016. This paper substantially extends the text in the proceedings of that conference [29], including more examples and introducing semantic encodings. Our encoding proposals are under continual development and are being steadily improved and the final elements and attributes may slightly change in the near future.…”

Section: Roman-numeral Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

An MEI-based standard encoding for hierarchical music analyses

Rizo

Marsden

2018

Int J Digit Libr

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We propose a standard representation for hierarchical musical analyses as an extension to the Music Encoding Initiative (MEI) representation for music. Analyses of music need to be represented in digital form for the same reasons as music: preservation, sharing of data, data linking, and digital processing. Systems exist for representing sequential information, but many music analyses are hierarchical, whether represented explicitly in trees or graphs or not. Features of MEI allow the representation of an analysis to be directly associated with the elements of the music analyzed. MEI's basis in TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), allows us to design a scheme which reuses some of the elements of TEI for the representation of trees and graphs. In order to capture both the information specific to a type of music analysis and the underlying form of an analysis as a tree or graph, we propose related "semantic" encodings, which capture the detailed information, and generic "non-semantic" encodings which expose the tree or graph structure. We illustrate this with examples of representations of a range of different kinds of analysis.

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A standard format proposal for hierarchical analyses and representations

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

No longer 'somewhat arbitrary'

No longer 'somewhat arbitrary'

An MEI-based standard encoding for hierarchical music analyses

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