A state-insensitive, compensated nanofiber trap

Lacroûte, Clément; Choi, K. S.; Goban, Akihisa; Alton, D. J.; Ding, D.; Stern, Nathaniel P.; Kimble, H. J.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/14/2/023056

Cited by 68 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The line is broadened from essentially an interaction time-limited width to ∼1 MHz full width at half-maximum. At least part of this broadening can be attributed to spatially varying vector light shifts from the blue-detuned trap light [24,25]. We note that the same broadening is also observed in microwave transfer spectra under the same conditions.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

Dipole force free optical control and cooling of nanofiber trapped atoms

et al. 2017

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The evanescent field surrounding nanoscale optical waveguides offers an efficient interface between light and mesoscopic ensembles of neutral atoms. However, the thermal motion of trapped atoms, combined with the strong radial gradients of the guided light, leads to a time-modulated coupling between atoms and the light mode, thus giving rise to additional noise and motional dephasing of collective states. Here, we present a dipole force free scheme for coupling of the radial motional states, utilizing the strong intensity gradient of the guided mode and demonstrate all-optical coupling of the cesium hyperfine ground states and motional sideband transitions. We utilize this to prolong the trap lifetime of an atomic ensemble by Raman sideband cooling of the radial motion which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been demonstrated in nano-optical structures previously. This Letter points towards full and independent control of internal and external atomic degrees of freedom using guided light modes only. Light guided by nano-optical waveguide and resonator structures propagates partly as an evanescent wave; its tight subwavelength confinement allows for strong interactions between guided light and single atoms [1][2][3][4][5] or atomic ensembles [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] trapped within the confined field.The inherent intensity gradients of evanescent modes are a necessity for the realization of dipole traps close to the surface of the structure. However, if the atoms are probed or manipulated also by evanescent modes, the gradients lead to detrimental effects, such as time-dependent coupling for moving atoms, additional quantum partition noise in probing atomic ensembles, and motional dephasing of collective internal quantum states. As strong gradients imply strong dipole forces for any Stark shift induced by guided light [14], a scheme for optical manipulation of the internal degrees of freedom without perturbation of the motional state is desirable.Additionally, any non-zero temperature above the motional quantum ground state potentially decreases the average interaction of atoms with the guided light mode, reducing the single atom optical depth.Previous results for addressing these challenges in the nanofiber platform [15] include microwave cooling of the azimuthal degree of freedom [16] by exploiting the state dependency of the trapping potentials for different Zeeman sub-states [17], as well as polarization gradient cooling [7].In this Letter, we present a Raman coupling scheme that allows us to drive coherent transfers on the hyperfine transition in cesium (Cs), as well as radial motional sideband transitions, while canceling all quadratic ac-Stark shifts and, thus, dipole forces. By driving Raman transitions with a single beam propagating through the waveguide, we implement a cooling protocol that relies on the gradient of the coupling strength, rather than its phase [18].A key ingredient in our experimental implementation is the Stark shift canceling the Raman coupling scheme presented in Fig. 1(a): w...

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confidence: 72%

Dipole force free optical control and cooling of nanofiber trapped atoms

et al. 2017

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“…The phase relation between the transversal and the longitudinal component of the guided field creates elliptically polarized light, introducing significant vector light shifts in the trapped atoms Le . Differential light shifts induced among atomic sub-levels can be suppressed with a proper choice of trapping wavelengths and polarizations Lacroûte et al (2012) or they can be used as a tool for atomic state preparation Albrecht et al (2016).…”

Section: Trapping Atoms Around An Optical Nanofibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A frequency difference between blue-detuned counterpropagating beams creates a traveling wave that averages to produce a uniform repulsive potential. These methods for implementing a state-insensitive dipole trap in an ONF are proposed in Le Kien et al (2005a) and first implemented in Goban et al (2012); Lacroûte et al (2012); Ding et al (2012), where they trap Cs atoms 215 nm from the surface of a nanofiber, and suppress the differential scalar and vector light shifts by a factor of 250.…”

Section: State-sensitive and State-insensitive Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Nanofibers

Solano

Grover

Hoffman

et al. 2017

Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

100

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The development of optical nanofibers (ONF) and the study and control of their optical properties when coupling atoms to their electromagnetic modes has opened new possibilities for their use in quantum optics and quantum information science. These ONFs offer tight optical mode confinement (less than the wavelength of light) and diffraction-free propagation. The small cross section of the transverse field allows probing of linear and non-linear spectroscopic features of atoms with exquisitely low power. The cooperativity -the figure of merit in many quantum optics and quantum information systems -tends to be large even for a single atom in the mode of an ONF, as it is proportional to the ratio of the atomic cross section to the electromagnetic mode cross section. ONFs offer a natural bus for information and for inter-atomic coupling through the tightly-confined modes, which opens the possibility of one-dimensional many-body physics and interesting quantum interconnection applications. The presence of the ONF modifies the vacuum field, affecting the spontaneous emission rates of atoms in its vicinity. The high gradients in the radial intensity naturally provide the potential for trapping atoms around the ONF, allowing the creation of onedimensional arrays of atoms. The same radial gradient in the transverse direction of the field is responsible for the existence of a large longitudinal component that introduces the possibility of spin-orbit coupling of the light and the atom, enabling the exploration of chiral quantum optics.

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“…To obtain higher optical nonlinearity, many other materials with high nonlinearities (e.g., leadsilicate, bismuth-silicate, As 2 Se 3 chalcogenide) have been drawn into MNFs for various purposes [82,191]. In addition, sub-wavelength-diameter MNFs offer tightly confined evanescent field with high spatial gradients, which can be used to efficiently trap and guide atoms near the surface of the MNF [20,59,60,63,175,176] and couple radiation atoms to the guided modes of the MNF [61,62,177]. Based on the full quantization of both the radiation and guided modes of the MNF, new possibilities for quantum optics have also been proposed [20,62,178].…”

Section: More Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical microfibers and nanofibers

Tong

2013

Nanophotonics

143

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As a combination of fiber optics and nanotechnology, optical microfibers and nanofibers (MNFs) have been emerging as a novel platform for exploring fiber-optic technology on the micro/nanoscale. Typically, MNFs taper drawn from glass optical fibers or bulk glasses show excellent surface smoothness, high homogeneity in diameter and integrity, which bestows these tiny optical fibers with low waveguiding losses and outstanding mechanical properties. Benefitting from their wavelengthor sub-wavelength-scale transverse dimensions, wave-

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A state-insensitive, compensated nanofiber trap

Cited by 68 publications

References 61 publications

Dipole force free optical control and cooling of nanofiber trapped atoms

Dipole force free optical control and cooling of nanofiber trapped atoms

Optical Nanofibers

Optical microfibers and nanofibers

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