A State-of-the-Art Review on Geothermal Energy Extraction, Utilization, and Improvement Strategies: Conventional, Hybridized, and Enhanced Geothermal Systems

Sharmin, Tasnuva; Khan, Nazia Rodoshi; Akram, Md Saleh; Ehsan, M. Monjurul

doi:10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100323

Cited by 88 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The revenues, R, connected to electric energy saving, are defined as shown in equation ( 8) where el c is the specific cost for electric energy purchase. The economic indexes used the analysis are the simple payback, SPB, and the net present value, NPV, which are reported in Equations ( 9) and (10), respectively, where AES is annual economic saving, which is the sum of the revenues and the operational costs of the system and AF is the annual factor, determined as a function of the discounting rate and the lifetime of the service.…”

Section: Economic and Environmental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geothermal sources may be classified as high-and low-temperature. Energy production primarily relies on high-temperature geothermal resources, while low to medium ones are mainly utilized for non-electric applications [10]. In this work, the use of a low-temperature geothermal source is proposed to increase the sustainability of energy generation in small islands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low enthalpy geothermal source for sustainable energy production in small islands: a real case study

Fraia,

Massarotti,

Vanoli

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The global demand for clean and sustainable energy sources has significantly increased in recent years, mainly because of concerns about climate change and the finite nature of traditional fossil fuel reserves. In this context, geothermal energy has gained significant attention as a reliable and eco-friendly alternative. In particular, low enthalpy geothermal resources have emerged as an attractive option due to their accessibility, widespread distribution, and potential for decentralization. Moreover, reliability and flexibility of this source allow for year-round utilization to meet diverse energy demands, resulting in reduced dependency on traditional energy sources and associated greenhouse gas emissions. For this reason, geothermal energy appears to be a promising solution in small islands, where energy production is often a challenge due to the absence of infrastructures that make them energy-dependent on the mainland. Therefore, in this work, low enthalpy geothermal source is considered as effective and sustainable solution for electrical energy production in small islands. As case study a low temperature source available in Ischia island, Southern Italy, is considered. The proposed solution is analysed from energy, economic and environmental point of view.

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Section: Economic and Environmental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low enthalpy geothermal source for sustainable energy production in small islands: a real case study

Fraia,

Massarotti,

Vanoli

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Other countries with signi cant geothermal energy production include Indonesia, the Philippines, Turkey, New Zealand, and Mexico. Iceland is another country with a high level of geothermal energy production, with over 26% of its total energy consumption coming from geothermal sources [40]. Iceland unique geology and abundant geothermal resources have allowed it to become a leader in geothermal energy production, with an installed capacity of over 700 MW and an annual production of over 6 TWh [41,42].…”

Section: Geothermal Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of renewable energy and artificial intelligence towards environmental sustainability and net zero

Hassan

Sameen

Salman

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The challenge of climate change and the need for environmental sustainability necessitate rapid and transformative actions to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This paper examines the role of renewable energy and artificial intelligence (AI) as catalysts in this endeavor, highlighting their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy efficiency, and foster sustainable development. The importance of ambitious renewable energy targets and supportive policies, as well as the application of AI in optimizing energy systems and enabling smart grid management has been discussed. Additionally, outlined a roadmap for success that includes investment in research and development, cross-sector collaboration, education and public awareness, and international cooperation. By implementing these strategies, it can harness the power of renewable energy and AI to drive the transition towards a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable future.

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“…The world's total installed capacity is forecasted to be ~19-19.5 GW in the year 2025. Moreover, according to the World Energy Council, the estimated rate of annual compound growth of the geothermal industry from 2015 to 2060 will be around 5.4%, 4.6%, or 3.4%, respectively, under one of three optimistic, basic, or pessimistic scenarios [81].…”

Section: Geothermal Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

Lobus,

Knyazeva,

Popova

et al. 2023

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Since the Industrial Revolution, human economic activity and the global development of society in general have been heavily dependent on the exploitation of natural resources. The use of fossil fuels, deforestation, the drainage of wetlands, the transformation of coastal marine ecosystems, unsustainable land use, and many other unbalanced processes of human activity have led to an increase both in the anthropogenic emissions of climate-active gases and in their concentration in the atmosphere. It is believed that over the past ~150 years these phenomena have contributed to an increase in the global average temperature in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere by ~1 °C. Currently, the most pressing tasks facing states and scientific and civil societies are to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions and to limit the global air temperature increase. In this regard, there is an urgent need to change existing production systems in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to sequester them. In this review, we consider up-to-date scientific approaches and innovative technologies, which may help in developing roadmaps to reduce the emissions of climate-active gases, control rising temperatures, decarbonize economies, and promote the sustainable development of society in general.

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A State-of-the-Art Review on Geothermal Energy Extraction, Utilization, and Improvement Strategies: Conventional, Hybridized, and Enhanced Geothermal Systems

Cited by 88 publications

References 87 publications

Low enthalpy geothermal source for sustainable energy production in small islands: a real case study

Low enthalpy geothermal source for sustainable energy production in small islands: a real case study

The role of renewable energy and artificial intelligence towards environmental sustainability and net zero

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

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