A statistical approach to pollutant emissions from combined sewer systems

Veldkamp, Robin G.; Wiggers, Jan B. M.

doi:10.2166/wst.1997.0650

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This can be done for a number of gauged systems with similar characteristics in the region under study. An example of such approach can be found in Veldkamp and Wiggers (1997).…”

Section: Case-study: Stochastic Versus Deterministic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random number generator or sewer water quality model?

Willems

2006

Water Science and Technology

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Integrated urban drainage modelling and environmental impact assessment require sewer emission models to be linked with submodels for treatment infrastructure and receiving rivers. The uncertainty in current water quality modelling is, however, huge, and environmental impact assessment looses more and more credibility. Based on an integrated modelling case for a combined sewer-WWTP-river system, it is shown in the paper that the integrated model does not produce more accurate results in comparison with the random simulation of emission concentrations from a frequency distribution. This should, however, not pose a serious problem as in most applications of impact assessment, model results are not needed in real time but in statistical terms. Further investigation makes clear that detail/sophistication in water quality modelling is not so important, but that more focus has to be given to long-term simulations, the use of parsimonious models and model validation based on concentration frequencies.

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“…This can be done for a number of gauged systems with similar characteristics in the region under study. An example of such approach can be found in Veldkamp and Wiggers (1997).…”

Section: Case-study: Stochastic Versus Deterministic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random number generator or sewer water quality model?

Willems

2006

Water Science and Technology

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“…Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) imply a loss of efficiency in the system and a major impact on the aquatic environment owing to the discharge of all types of substances (Butler and Davies, 2000). To become more familiar with the effect of CSO pressures on receiving waters (Adams et al, 1997;Seidl et al, 1998;Even et al, 2007), in recent decades, wet weather flow pollutant loads have been studied extensively (Chebbo and Saget, 1995;Gupta and Saul, 1996;Veldkamp and Wiggers, 1997;Diaz-Fierros et al, 2002;Suárez and Puertas, 2005;Heinz et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPCPs wet weather mobilization in a combined sewer in NW Spain

Río

Suárez

Puertas

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Sanitary sewer system air is influenced by regional environment type and sewage exhaust characteristics (Matos and Aires, 1995;Matthijs et al, 1995;Muezzinoglu, 2003;Paxeus, 1996;Veldkamp and Wiggers, 1997;Gostelow et al, 2001). Besides, sewer pipe environments are characterized owing to being enclosed and poorly ventilated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Cancer Risk Increment from Air Pollutant Exposure for Sewer Workers Working in an Industrial City

Yeh

Lai

Lin

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Sewer construction in Taiwan lags other developed nations, and the authorities are undertaking major sewerage system construction projects in several cities. In Kaohsiung City, sewerage networks pass through residential, commercial and industrial areas. The composition of sewage thus is highly complicated. Eight target monitoring positions are chosen to analyze the compounds and concentrations of hazardous air pollutants. Pollutant concentrations are used to evaluate the cancer risk increment based on inhalation intake for sewer workers under using exhaust ventilation and wearing personal gas filtering equipment. GC/MS analysis confirmed that concentrations of benzene and trichloromethane compounds in sewer air for all the monitoring positions exceeded the minimum risk levels (MRLs) of 0.009 ppm benzene and 0.1 ppm trichloromethane, and the maximum concentrations reached 148.4 and 327.3 ppm, respectively. The cancer risks of benzene and trichloromethane for workers without personal protection approached 2.77-3.98 × 10 -3 and 29.74-42.70 × 10 -3 , respectively. Through ventilation for 15 minutes and the wearing of gas filtering equipment, the cancer risks for benzene and trichloromethane were reduced to 0.0003-0.0004 × 10 -3 and 0.0029-0.0041 × 10 -3 , respectively. The authorities thus must order all workers to follow a strict code of practice for sewer entry before entering sewer systems. This code of practice should include a minimum time for general exhaust ventilation and the use of personal protection equipment.

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A statistical approach to pollutant emissions from combined sewer systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Random number generator or sewer water quality model?

Random number generator or sewer water quality model?

PPCPs wet weather mobilization in a combined sewer in NW Spain

Estimating Cancer Risk Increment from Air Pollutant Exposure for Sewer Workers Working in an Industrial City

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