A Statistical Evaluation of Joint Range Data

Abstract

WHIG'TI' AIR IE'E.LOi'MENT ('ENTER AI itRESEAIRCHI ANDI) E\ ELOPMENT COMMANI) UNITEI) STATES Alit FORCE \VRmGIwT-vATTFElHSN Alit FORC~tE BASE. 0)1410 t'sr 1 .itqr Ij'a.no w I'ni 1", "-grmKi1d 0 'Sal-,,*..n.t 14V. FOREWORD This report was jirepar.-d by the Anthropology Sectiob. Biophysics Branc.h. .ýero Medical Laboratory, Wright AMr Development Center. under Project JI14. iask 71727, entitled. "Biokinematics and Workspace". The analysis of the data was carried out by Antioch College order Contract No-i (OO•-3O.. MA. Ernanue]k iaitzated the study and Mr. Truett carried out the statisticau phases of the work. Many people aided materially in the execution of the study and the producticon of the report. Dr. Wilfrid T. Dempster, on whose work this study is based, provided valuable advice. Mr. H. T. E. Hnrtzberg. Chief of the Anthropology Section. critically revxewed the mantuscript and contributed many constructive .iggestbons. The illustrations were done by Mrs. Cleona Allen and Miss &Drothy E)%%er.-nd Lt. Glenn Aller. served as the model. Mr. Edmund Cv.ircl:.3-of Antioch CoUege provided advice on statistical matters.-rne ph% .cal)reparation of the report was done by Mr. Horace B. Clar',-f .i e Anthropology Section.

Reach Capability of Men and Women: A Three-Dimensional Analysis

“…These investigators found that by manually preventing rotation of the clavicle around its long axis, the arm could be elevated in the median and frontal planes to just above shoulder level, through about 1100. Since the mean for arm flexion is 1880 (Barter, Emanuel, and Truett, 1957), the result is a mean reduction in mobility of about 78°. Thus, when one of these joints is rendered inoperable, a significant reduction in mobility at the shoulder can result.…”

“…In consideration of the possible opposition of body tissues to joint movement, this one class of movements is not representative of others of the upper arm, such as adduction and abduction. Barter, Emanuel and Truett (1957) ranked the mean mobility values for twelve motions, including adduction of the arm, and related them to physique. They found that in all motions, the rotund group had the least mobility.…”

“…For similar reasons the subject with greater capability to abduct his arm will probably have greater angular reach capability around to the right rear. From joint-range data in Barter, Emanuel, and Truett (1957), it is possible to calculate the 5th and 95th percentile values for upper arm abduction, adduction, and other joint movements. For horizontal adduction of the right arm from the parasagittal plane through the shoulder, a value of 330 was obtained for the 5th percentile and 630 for the 95th percentile.…”

Phase I Report: DARPA Exoskeleton Program

“…Tabular information on 5-95% body dimensions for adult males was acquired from Woodsen et al (1992). Human joint range of motion data was taken from Barter et al (1957) to determine design requirements for the exoskeleton motion and for the placement of mechanical limit stops for safety. The details of human joint motions during gait were taken from Rose and Gamble (2000) for use in designing the exoskeleton degrees of freedom.…”

Digital human modelling over four decades

“…Three-dimensional geometric representations of working environments and specific equipment can be built and evaluated using a human model that is a 3D representation of the human body with articulation at all major body joints. Data arising from very early studies are used to constrain joint movements (Barter et al, 1957) and body shape (Sheldon, 1940) and anthropometry can be varied to represent the relevant national or occupational populations. The modeller is intended for use in the very early stages of the design process, potentially saving costly design changes, to test the suitability of workplaces and workstations for the appropriate user populations.…”