A STD/HIV Prevention Trial Among Adolescents in Managed Care

Boekeloo, Bradley O.; Schamus, Lisa A.; Simmens, Samuel J.; Cheng, Tina L.; O’Connor, Kathleen; D’Angelo, Lawrence J.

doi:10.1542/peds.103.1.107

Cited by 101 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A strength of this literature is that 11 studies (46%) delivered interventions to preadolescents (9-12 years) (58-59) or younger adolescents (13-15 years) (40,(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67). Sample characteristics are provided in Table 1.…”

Section: Interventions That Addressed Biological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with pre-adolescents were effective in delaying the onset of sex (58) and improving condom use among sexually-active youth (58)(59). Studies with young adolescents were effective in increasing condom use (40,61,67), reducing unprotected sex (62)(63), and reducing the frequency of sex (66)(67).…”

Section: Interventions That Addressed Biological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies also measured changes in risk perception (59,61,64,(69)(70)(71)(74)(75)(76), yet only about half demonstrated more accurate risk appraisals at follow-ups (64,(69)(70)(71)76). Nearly all of the studies that showed improvements in risk perception also achieved reductions in sexual risk behavior at follow-up (69)(70)(71)76).…”

Section: Interventions That Addressed Psychological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty-one of 25 interventions (84%) provided some type of sexual communication skills training (31,40,(57)(58)(59)(60)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(69)(70)(71)73,(75)(76)(77)(78)(79). Specifically, ten of the interventions (40%) provided sexual communication and assertiveness skills (60,(64)(65)(66)(67)70,75,(77)(78)(79), 14 interventions (56%) provided negotiation skills training (31,40,(57)(58)(59)(62)(63)65,(69)(70)(71)73,(75)(76), and three interventions (12%) taught skills to refuse unprotected or wanted sex (40,61,75). These skills are not always included in adult interventions …”

Section: Interventions That Addressed Social Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Developmentally appropriate sexual risk reduction interventions for adolescents: Rationale, review of interventions, and recommendations for research and practice

Pedlow¹,

Carey²

2004

ann. behav. med.

174

156

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Context-Despite awareness of the need to design developmentally-appropriate sexual risk reduction interventions for adolescents, limited information exists to identify the aspects of intervention design or content that make an intervention "developmentally appropriate." Objectives-(a)To clarify the rationale for designing developmentally-appropriate interventions, (b) to review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adolescent sexual risk reduction interventions, (c) to identify developmentally-appropriate strategies, (d) to examine the relationship between developmental appropriateness and sexual risk outcomes, and (e) to provide recommendations for research.Study Selection-Studies (n = 24) published before 2003 that evaluated a risk reduction intervention, sampled adolescents, used a RCT study design, and evaluated sexual behavior outcomes.Results-Content analysis indicated that the interventions tested were often tailored to the cognitive level of adolescents, as indicated by the use of exercises on decision-making, goal-setting and planning, and concrete explanation of abstract concepts. Interventions also addressed the social influences of risky sex such as peer norms and provided communication skills training. Overall, the interventions tested in RCTs were more effective in delaying the onset of sexual activity than in promoting abstinence among sexually-active youth. Interventions with booster sessions were effective in reducing sexual risk behavior. The use of process measures, linked with developmental constructs, was rare. However, improvements in sexual communication skills and perceived norms for safer sex were associated with reductions in sexual risk outcomes.Conclusions-Developmental transitions during adolescence influence sexual behavior, and need to be considered when developing and evaluating risk reduction interventions for youth. Future research should assess process measures of key developmental constructs as well as risk behavior and biological outcomes.

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Section: Interventions That Addressed Biological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventions That Addressed Biological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventions That Addressed Psychological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventions That Addressed Social Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Developmentally appropriate sexual risk reduction interventions for adolescents: Rationale, review of interventions, and recommendations for research and practice

Pedlow¹,

Carey²

2004

ann. behav. med.

174

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Condom use rates improved at 3 months, though no significant effect was observed after 9 months of follow-up. 33 A culturally appropriate video intervention for African American adolescent males in STD clinics demonstrated no improvement in the proportion of adolescents reporting consistent condom use, compared with individual counseling from a health educator or routine STD clinic care. 34 However, a 30-minute interactive video intervention for sexually active adolescent females recruited from several health care settings, when compared to control paper-based educational materials, was associated with an increase in condom use and a 50 % decrease in the proportion of adolescents reporting chlamydia diagnosis after 6 months.…”

Section: Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

HIV Prevention Interventions to Reduce Racial Disparities in the United States: A Systematic Review

et al. 2012

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Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS in the United States despite advances in prevention methodologies. The goal of this study was to systematically review the past 30 years of HIV prevention interventions addressing racial disparities. We conducted electronic searches of Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Review of Clinical Trials databases, supplemented by manual searches and expert review. Studies published before June 5, 2011 were eligible. Prevention interventions that included over 50 % racial/ethnic minority participants or sub-analysis by race/ethnicity, measured condom use only or condom use plus incident sexually transmitted infections or HIV as outcomes, and were affiliated with a health clinic were included in the review. We stratified the included articles by target population and intervention modality. Reviewers independently and systematically extracted all studies using the Downs and Black checklist for quality assessment; authors cross-checked 20 % of extractions. Seventy-six studies were included in the final analysis. The mean DB score was 22.44 – high compared to previously published means. Most of the studies were randomized controlled trials (87 %) and included a majority of African-American participants (83 %). No interventions were designed specifically to reduce disparities in HIV acquisition between populations. Additionally, few interventions targeted men who have sex with men or utilized HIV as a primary outcome. Interventions that combined skills training and cultural or interactive engagement of participants were superior to those depending on didactic messaging. The scope of this review was limited by the exclusion of non-clinic based interventions and intermediate risk endpoints. Interactive, skills-based sessions may be effective in preventing HIV acquisition in racial and ethnic minorities, but further research into interventions tailored to specific sub-populations, such as men who have sex with men, is warranted.

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Correlates of Unprotected Vaginal Sex Among African American Female Adolescents

Crosby

DiClemente²,

Wingood

et al. 2000

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

102

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Adolescents' perceptions, particularly their perceptions of relationship dynamics, played an integral role in explaining female adolescents' frequency of UVS with both steady and casual partners. Female adolescents in steady relationships differ from those in casual relationships relative to their prevention needs. These findings have implications for clinic- or community-based STD and human immunodeficiency virus prevention programs.

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A STD/HIV Prevention Trial Among Adolescents in Managed Care

Abstract: STD risk assessment and education tools administered in a single office visit facilitated STD/HIV prevention education. Any impact on sexual activity and condom use was short-lived. Further research is needed to develop brief, office-based sexual risk reduction for young adolescents.

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Developmentally appropriate sexual risk reduction interventions for adolescents: Rationale, review of interventions, and recommendations for research and practice

Developmentally appropriate sexual risk reduction interventions for adolescents: Rationale, review of interventions, and recommendations for research and practice

HIV Prevention Interventions to Reduce Racial Disparities in the United States: A Systematic Review

Correlates of Unprotected Vaginal Sex Among African American Female Adolescents

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