A Strain-Gage System for Fiber Testing

Dart, S. L.; Peterson, Loretta

doi:10.1177/004051754901900203

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Of the 80 columns in the card, 48 were used for test and fiber identification and for insertion of the load-elongation-curve data and vibroscope measurements. The latter were used in the determination of the cross-sectional area of the fiber by the vibrating-string principle [7,13]. (Table I).…”

Section: Application Of the Punched-card Methods Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Punched-Card Techniques to Data on the Physical Properties of Single Fibers

Wakeham

Wakelin

1950

Textile Research Journal

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The punched-card method is illustrated, with a description of the procedures used in analyzing the data on single cotton fibers. The samples were tested for 7 properties, from which 5 more were derived by computation. For each of these 12 properties there were prepared a histogram showing the distribution of the property values within variety groups, means and standard deviations for 6 subgroups within each variety, and a three-factor analysis of variance of the means for all varieties and subgroups. The steps in obtaining these results from the punched cards are outlined. Some advantages of this method over the desk-calculator approach are discussed.T HE PURPOSE of this paper is to draw attention to the use of punched-card methods in the evaluation of the physical properties of single textile fibers and to present some results which have been obtained at the laboratories of the Textile Research Institute in applying this procedure to the study of cotton and wool fibers.During the course of the past 12 months, increasing attention has been given to the research on singletextile-fiber properties. The single-fiber work on cotton aims at a better understanding of cotton through a concerted program to evaluate differences in cotton types, the effects imposed upon the physical properties by maturity, and the influence of morphology and treatments on the measured physical properties. Another branch of the cotton program includes research on the progression of physical changes exhibited by cotton during the course of its processing from the bale to the finished cloth. This is a companion project to that in which changes in the degree of polymerization are being followed in cotton from the bale to the cloth by fluidity studies of the cotton cellulose in cupriethylene diamine solutions [18].

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Section: Application Of the Punched-card Methods Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Punched-Card Techniques to Data on the Physical Properties of Single Fibers

Wakeham

Wakelin

1950

Textile Research Journal

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“…Air of different humidities was supplied through sulfuric acid bubblers. The denier of the sample was determined with a Vibrascope as described by Dart and Peterson [ 1 ] , and appropriate weights were used to give a known stress in grams per denier. Figure 1 shows the change in length for a range of relative humidities under different loads.…”

Section: Filament Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resultant stress can be determined with the single-fiber tester described by Dart and Peterson [1]. Briefly, this apparatus consists of two cork-lined clamps, one fixed and the other attached to a balance arm with a 10 to 1 ratio.…”

Section: Filament Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Moisture on Twisted Yarns

Maginnis¹

1950

Textile Research Journal

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The effect of moisture upon certain physical properties of twisted continuous-filament rayon yarn was studied. Data are presented on the changes in stress, dimensions, and moduli for the yarn and the component filaments. An expression is presented which gives a qualitative relationship between yarn properties and yarn construction, based on the knowledge of filament behavior. SINCE PEIRCE'S [3] ''VORK in the 1920's much has been said and written about fabric geometry and the effects of constructional factors on fabric performance. Dr. H. DeWitt Smith, for example, made &dquo;textile engineering&dquo; a prime point in his 1944 l~Iarburg Lecture. It is now generally accepted that fabric behavior can be predicted and controlled from a knowledge of yarn behavior and constructional effects. This engineering approach is of advantage to the fabricator who wants to enhance, or otherwise change, the specific properties of a yarn. The properties of the yarns which compose a fabric are also dependent upon their own construction. Differences in such factors as twist, packing, interfiber friction, and the presence of resin or other bonding material make it possible to produce different yarns from the same basic fiber. Thus, it is seen that the behavior of the finished fabric is dependent upon its own construction, the construction of the component yarn, and upon the basic properties of the fiber. The last factor will be discussed here: the dependence of yarn properties upon construction and fiber properties under certain conditions. It was the object of this investigation to observe the effects of moisture on some properties of filaments and yarns. The specific properties studied were stress, dimension, and modulus changes of the fiber when wet. An attempt was made to determine the dependence of yarn properties upon yarn construction and filament properties.The yarns studied were 150-denier, 40-filament viscose rayon with a moisture regain of about 127c. There were 7 samples of different twists, these being 3, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 turns per inch. These values were found to be constant within 1 % or 2%, with the exception of those for the 3 t.p.i. samples, in which the twist varied 10-15 ~o about a mean of 2.7 t.p.i. The single-filament samples used were removed from the 3 t.p.i. yarn. The procedure, apparatus, and results for the different properties will be discussed in separate sub-sections. The word &dquo;dry&dquo; will be used to refer to 50% R.H. and 70°F conditions. Filament PropertiesWhen a single filament of viscose rayon is immersed in water it swells, thus increasing in crosssectional and linear dimensions. The linear swelling was observed by placing the filament in a conditioning tower, with a weight on one end, and measuring the length with a microscope-cathetometer. Air of different humidities was supplied through sulfuric acid bubblers. The denier of the sample was determined with a Vibrascope as described by Dart and Peterson [ 1 ] , and appropriate weights were used to give a known stress in grams per ...

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“…The common procedure of operating vibroscopes, now in use [1], is to place the fiber in a constant length and adjust manually the frequency of excitation or the tension in the fiber, depending on whether the vibroscope used is a constant tension type (TRI type) [2] or a constant frequency type (AV type) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Automatic Vibroscope and How to Use It

Wakayama

Jinen

1965

Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan

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This article describes an automatic vibroscope of a compact type simpler than the one perfected by Mackay in 1958. Its features include a vibrator to set a fiber in motion, a simple photo-electric transducer to detect fiber vibrations, a direct coupled amplifier of detected electrical signals and a method to adjust the signal phase.The article shows how to build and operate the new apparatus, and refers to the happy combination of direct coupled amplifier and the pickup-transducer of fiber vibrations.It will be found that this apparatus also does the work of the so-called vibroscope.Experiments to measure fiber deniers were made under the usual operating conditions with the use of this apparatus, and the sensitivity and accuracy of measuring will probably give a new appraisal to the automatic vibroscope.Some of the experiments made by the author with the new apparatus may, it is hoped, solve problems, not approached hitherto, on the use of the vibroscopic method.

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A Strain-Gage System for Fiber Testing

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

The Application of Punched-Card Techniques to Data on the Physical Properties of Single Fibers

The Application of Punched-Card Techniques to Data on the Physical Properties of Single Fibers

The Effect of Moisture on Twisted Yarns

An Automatic Vibroscope and How to Use It

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