A strategy for disentangling the conductivity–stability dilemma in alkaline polymer electrolytes

Dual-cation comb-shaped anion exchange membranes: Structure, morphology and properties

“…The degeneration of polymer backbone triggered by the electro-withdrawing effect of the attached QA group has been revealed by many researchers [32][33][34][35]. One strategy to minimize this effect is to decrease the grafting ratio of cations on the polymer backbone by allocating two QA groups in one side chain [11,22]. In this study, the good alkaline stability of C18BQAPPO can also be attributed to its particular structure with the dual-cation containing side chains.…”

“…As an upgrade for the side-chain type AEM, Zhuang's research group introduced two QA groups into one same side chain of anion exchange membrane [22]. Improved alkaline stability was observed due to the decreased grafting ratio of cationic group on the polymer backbone.…”

Mechanically Stable Poly(arylene ether) Anion Exchange Membranes Prepared from Commercially Available Polymers for Alkaline Electrochemical Devices

“…Pan et al showed that adding less ionic groups per repeat unit in Udel PSF backbone reduced the rate of cation triggered hydrolysis of the PSF backbone in alkaline media. 50 A limitation in the analysis of the alkaline stability data reported as the IEC value alone was that the initial IEC of each AEM material Normalized IEC data after exposure to 1 M KOH at 60 • C for 10 days (i.e., cation groups remaining) (%)…”

Alkali resistant cross-linked poly(arylene ether sulfone)s membranes containing aromatic side-chain quaternary ammonium groups

“…Using the conjugate Chloromethylation with chloromethyl methyl ether is widely used to synthesize quaternary ammonium type ionomers. The limitations of this method are the carcinogenicity of the chloromethylated reagent and poor controllability of the chloromethylation position and quantity [7][8][9][10]22]. To synthesize quaternized polymers by bromination has been proved to be a much safer and more controllable process and drawn more attention recently [11,15,[23][24][25][26].…”

“…One of the key challenges is to synthesize anion exchange membrane (AEM) the key material of AEMFC satisfying the comprehensive requirements of high hydroxide anion conductivity, robust mechanical properties and good chemical stability in alkaline environment [4]. The AEMs have been extensively explored with various backbones of the high performance engineering plastics owing to their excellent chemical, physical, and thermal stabilities, such as poly(arylene ether ketone) [5,6], poly (arylene ether sulfone) [7][8][9][10], poly(fluorenyl ether ketone sulfone) [11], poly(phenylene oxide) [12,13], and poly (ether-imide) [14]. Earlier works have been devoted to random ionomers.…”