A strategy for generating rice apomixis by gene editing

Xie, En; Li, Yafei; Tang, Ding; Lv, Yanli; Shen, Yi; Cheng, Zhihui

doi:10.1111/jipb.12785

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Recently, using CRISPR-Cas9, some researchers attempted to set up synthetic apomixis in rice but a maximum of 29% of offspring were maternal clones [80][81][82]. Here we have demonstrated that PpAPOSTART is expressed in different cells (MMC vs. Nucellar), and for one of its members (APOSTART_6), the expression is delayed confirming the hypothesis that the shift in timing and place of expression may cause apomixis or, at least, one of the two components of apomictic development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of APOSTART in Switching between Sexuality and Apomixis in Poa pratensis

Marconi

Aiello

Kindiger³

et al. 2020

Genes

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The production of seeds without sex is considered the holy grail of plant biology. The transfer of apomixis to various crop species has the potential to transform plant breeding, since it will allow new varieties to retain valuable traits thorough asexual reproduction. Therefore, a greater molecular understanding of apomixis is fundamental. In a previous work we identified a gene, namely APOSTART, that seemed to be involved in this asexual mode of reproduction, which is very common in Poa pratensis L., and here we present a detailed work aimed at clarifying its role in apomixis. In situ hybridization showed that PpAPOSTART is expressed in reproductive tissues from pre-meiosis to embryo development. Interestingly, it is expressed early in few nucellar cells of apomictic individuals possibly switching from a somatic to a reproductive cell as in aposporic apomixis. Moreover, out of 13 APOSTART members, we identified one, APOSTART_6, as specifically expressed in flower tissue. APOSTART_6 also exhibited delayed expression in apomictic genotypes when compared with sexual types. Most importantly, the SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) derived from the APOSTART_6 sequence completely co-segregated with apomixis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of APOSTART in Switching between Sexuality and Apomixis in Poa pratensis

Marconi

Aiello

Kindiger³

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…The quadruple AOP (Apomictic Offspring Producer) mutants obtained through the knockout of OsSPO11-1, OsREC8, OsOSD1 and OsMATL produced the MiMe phenotype. The mutant has the ability to produce apomictic plants [20]. However, thus far, the number of viable clone seeds with their original hybrid genetics intact are much lower than expected and this area needs further research.…”

Section: Synthetic Apomixis Through Genome Editing To Preserve Hybridmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al [16] introduced synthetic apomixis in few fruit crops i.e., citrus and apple however, the epigenetic modifications involvements caused severe seed abortion leading toward the failure in transfer of apomixis in major crops [10]. Recent studies have discussed the genetics and biotechnology approaches [17], integration of knowledge from various aspect of plant breeding [18], and methods for exploiting genome editing, especially CRISPR/Cas genome editing system for improving yield and preservation of heterosis in hybrids [19,20]. The scientific community equipped with genome editing expertise has played its significant role by transferring relevant and reliable information to beginners in genome editing, on contrary to the proprietary nature of zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Apomixis an Old Enigma to Preserve Hybrid Vigor

Fiaz¹,

Wang²,

Maqbool³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The hybrid seeds of several important crops with supreme qualities, including yield, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, have been cultivated from decades. Thus far, a major challenge with hybrid seed, it does not hold ability to produce plants with same qualities over subsequent generations. Apomixis exist naturally an asexual mode of reproduction in flowering plants via avoiding meiosis and ultimately leads to seed production. Apomixis possess potential to preserve hybrid vigor for multiple generations for economically important plant genotypes. The evolution and genetics of asexual seed production is unclear and need much more efforts to find its genetic architecture. To fix hybrid vigor synthetic apomixis has been suggested an alternative. The development of MiMe (Mitosis instead of Meiosis) genotypes are utilized further for clonal gametes production. However, the identification and parental origin of genes responsible for synthetic apomixis are less known and need further understanding. Genome modifications utilizing genome editing technologies (GETs) like clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (cas9) a reverse genetics tool has paved way to utilize emerging technologies in plant molecular biology. From the last decade, several genes in important crops have been successfully edited. The vast availability of GETs has made the functional genomics studies easy to conduct in crops important for food security. The disruption of expression of genes specific to egg cell MATRILINEAL (MTL) or BABY BOOM1 (BBM1) through CRISPR/Cas genome editing system can promote haploid plants. The establishment of synthetic apomixis by engineering MiMe genotype by genome editing BBM1 expression or disruption of MTL leads toward clonal seed production. In present review, we discussed the current development in plants by utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its possibility of promoting apomixis in crops Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED |

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“…Among the 145 collected seeds, 9 proved to be diploid, heterozygous and apomictic, while the remaining seeds were tetraploids and nonapomictic. This MiMe/matl quadruple mutation strategy has been also been recently implemented using Osspo11‐1 rather than pair1 for abolishing homologous chromosome pairing and recombination, thereby reproducing the original Arabidopsis MiMe mutant composition (Xie et al , ). Unless enhanced phenotypic penetrance from the current 5%–6% haploid seed induction frequency is obtained by further manipulation of OsMATL , it is unlikely that this strategy will allow the 100% apomictic seed production that is needed for clonal reproduction of F1 hybrids.…”

Section: Abolishing Meiotic Recombination To Engineer Apomixismentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering meiotic recombination pathways in rice

Fayos

Mieulet

Petit

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary In the last 15 years, outstanding progress has been made in understanding the function of meiotic genes in the model dicot and monocot plants Arabidopsis and rice (Oryza sativa L.), respectively. This knowledge allowed to modulate meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis and, more recently, in rice. For instance, the overall frequency of crossovers (COs) has been stimulated 2.3‐ and 3.2‐fold through the inactivation of the rice FANCM and RECQ4 DNA helicases, respectively, two genes involved in the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) as noncrossovers (NCOs) of the Class II crossover pathway. Differently, the programmed induction of DSBs and COs at desired sites is currently explored by guiding the SPO11‐1 topoisomerase‐like transesterase, initiating meiotic recombination in all eukaryotes, to specific target regions of the rice genome. Furthermore, the inactivation of 3 meiosis‐specific genes, namely PAIR1, OsREC8 and OsOSD1, in the Mitosis instead of Meiosis (MiMe) mutant turned rice meiosis into mitosis, thereby abolishing recombination and achieving the first component of apomixis, apomeiosis. The successful translation of Arabidopsis results into a crop further allowed the implementation of two breakthrough strategies that triggered parthenogenesis from the MiMe unreduced clonal egg cell and completed the second component of diplosporous apomixis. Here, we review the most recent advances in and future prospects of the manipulation of meiotic recombination in rice and potentially other major crops, all essential for global food security.

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A strategy for generating rice apomixis by gene editing

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

The Role of APOSTART in Switching between Sexuality and Apomixis in Poa pratensis

The Role of APOSTART in Switching between Sexuality and Apomixis in Poa pratensis

Synthetic Apomixis an Old Enigma to Preserve Hybrid Vigor

Engineering meiotic recombination pathways in rice

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