A streamlined approach to the analysis of volatile fatty acids and its application to the measurement of whole‐body flux

Morrison, Douglas J.; Cooper, Karen L.; Waldron, Susan; Slater, Christine; Weaver, Lawrence T.; Preston, Tom

doi:10.1002/rcm.1662

Cited by 38 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, the generally good agreement between plasma and urinary data, which were analysed in different laboratories, suggests that analysis of urinary SCFA enrichment profiles provides an adequate and noninvasive way to monitor the availability of SCFA to the host. This observation confirms earlier data in which a similar whole body acetate flux was obtained from measurement of urine or plasma tracer enrichments (Morrison et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Stable isotope tracer techniques have been suggested as a way to estimate the colonic acetate production (Pouteau et al, 1998) and the whole body acetate flux (Morrison et al, 2004). Ahmed et al (2000) studied colonic SCFA formation in patients with left-sided colectomy and found a higher SCFA production and in particular butyrate production after a high-RS diet as compared with a low-RS diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCFA concentration and 13 C abundance were measured in urine after the method of Morrison et al (2004).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we developed new analytical methods to determine low-level enrichment of 13 C-SCFA in human plasma and urine (Morrison et al, 2004;Ferchaud-Roucher et al, 2006). These methods were applied to test the hypothesis that ingestion of a test meal with a high content of NSP results in a different 13 C-SCFA plasma profile than a test meal that in addition contains RS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the type of indigestible carbohydrate on plasma and urine short-chain fatty acid profiles in healthy human volunteers

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Health effects of whole grain foods are becoming more evident. In this study, we analysed the shortchain fatty acid profiles in urine and serum derived from the colonic fermentation process of 13 C-barley meals, prepared from barley grown under 13 CO 2 atmosphere. Subjects/Methods: In a crossover study, five volunteers ingested intact barley kernels (high content of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and resistant starch (RS)) and barley porridge (high content of NSP only). Using a newly developed stable isotope technology, we monitored 14 and 24 h postprandially 13 C-acetate, 13 C-propionate and 13 C-butyrate in plasma and urine, respectively. The oro-cecal transit time (OCTT) of the meals was measured with the hydrogen breath test. Results: The OCTT was 6 h and did not differ between the two test meals. An increase of 13 C-acetate was observed already early after ingestion of the meals (o6 h) and was attributed to early fermentation of the test meal. A rise in plasma 13 C-propionate in the fermentation phase could only be detected after the porridge and not after the kernel meal. An increase in 13 C-butyrate was only found in the fermentation phase and was higher after the barley kernels. Urine 13 C-short-chain fatty acids data were consistent with these observations. Conclusions: The difference in the profiles of 13 C-acetate, 13 C-propionate and 13 C-butyrate indicates that NSP combined with RS results in an altered fermentation profile than dietary fibre alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCFA concentration and 13 C abundance were measured in urine after the method of Morrison et al (2004).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the type of indigestible carbohydrate on plasma and urine short-chain fatty acid profiles in healthy human volunteers

et al. 2010

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“…Plasma FFA concentrations were analysed with an enzymatic colorimetric method (NEFA C 994-75409, WAKO Chemicals GMbH, Germany). Concentrations of SCFA in plasma and urine were analysed with GC/MS (Hewlett Packard 5890 II GC with an Optic II PTV and CTC A200S autosampler and VG Trio-1000 quadrupole MS with EI ionisation) following purification by ultrafiltration (Amicon Centriplus centrifugal filter device YM-30, 30 kDa cutoff, Millipore (UK) Ltd, Watford, UK) and solid-phase extraction (Bakerbond SPE column, 200 mg SDB-2, 3 ml capacity, Mallinckrodt Baker Uk, Milton Keynes, UK) (Morrison et al, 2004). H 2 was sampled by blowing gently through a straw into a glass vial.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast

et al. 2006

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of four low-glycaemic index (GI) and one high-GI cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Design: Wheat kernels, barley kernels, spaghetti, spaghetti with added wheat bran and white wheat bread (WWB) were consumed in the evening in a random order at five different occasions. At the subsequent breakfast, blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma short chain fatty acid, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and breath hydrogen were measured. Setting: The study was performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Subjects: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited. One subject was later excluded owing to abnormal blood glucose values. Results: The blood glucose response (0-120 min) to the standardised breakfast was significantly lower after consuming barley kernels in the evening compared with evening meals with WWB (P ¼ 0.019) or spaghetti þ wheat bran (P ¼ 0.046). There were no significant differences in insulin concentrations at breakfast. Breath hydrogen excretion at breakfast was significantly higher after an evening meal with barley kernels compared with WWB, wheat kernels or spaghetti (P ¼ 0.026, 0.026 and 0.015, respectively), and the concentration of plasma propionate at breakfast was significantly higher following an evening meal with barley kernels compared with an evening meal with WWB (P ¼ 0.041). In parallel, FFA concentrations were significantly lower after barley kernels compared with WWB (P ¼ 0.042) or spaghetti evening meals (P ¼ 0.019). Conclusions: The improved glucose tolerance at breakfast, following an evening meal with barley kernels appeared to emanate from suppression of FFA levels, mediated by colonic fermentation of the specific indigestible carbohydrates present in this product, or, to the combination of the low-GI features and colonic fermentation. Sponsorship: European Commission QLK1-2001-00431 (EUROSTARCH).

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Rapid determination of short-chain fatty acids in colonic contents and faeces of humans and rats by acidified water-extraction and direct-injection gas chromatography

Zhao

Nyman

Jönsson

2006

Biomed. Chromatogr.

414

281

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have attracted much attention recently because of their positive physiological effects. In this work, a rapid and reliable gas chromatographic method for determination of eight SCFAs, in colonic and faecal samples from rats and humans has been developed and validated. The methodology involves extraction of the SCFAs in water before a direct injection procedure on a FFAP capillary column. A stock standard solution containing acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid, i-butyric acid, n-valeric acid, i-valeric acid, n-caproic acid and n-heptanoic acid was prepared and used. A high linearity (r2 > 0.9990), low quantification limit (2.38-30.14 microm) and high recovery for most acids were obtained. Acidification of faecal samples was found to be crucial for quantitative determination of the SCFAs, and adjustment of pH to 2-3 was regarded as necessary. Glass wool inserted in the glass liner of the injection port proved effective in preventing the contamination of the column by non-volatiles, and 12% formic acid reduced the ghost peak that appeared gradually after several injections. After validation, the methodology was applied on two faecal samples from rats fed diets containing different amount of dietary fibre and one faecal sample from human fed a normal diet to test the accuracy of the developed method.

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A streamlined approach to the analysis of volatile fatty acids and its application to the measurement of whole‐body flux

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of the type of indigestible carbohydrate on plasma and urine short-chain fatty acid profiles in healthy human volunteers

Influence of the type of indigestible carbohydrate on plasma and urine short-chain fatty acid profiles in healthy human volunteers

Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast

Rapid determination of short-chain fatty acids in colonic contents and faeces of humans and rats by acidified water-extraction and direct-injection gas chromatography

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