A Stress or Migration Marker (A Study of the Auditory Canal Exostosis  in the Skeleton Material of the Middle Bronze Age Population  From the Lower Volga Region Burial Grounds)

Pererva, Evgeniy; Dyachenko, A.N.

doi:10.20874/2071-0437-2017-39-4-061-078

VAAE

2017

DOI: 10.20874/2071-0437-2017-39-4-061-078

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A Stress or Migration Marker (A Study of the Auditory Canal Exostosis in the Skeleton Material of the Middle Bronze Age Population From the Lower Volga Region Burial Grounds)

Evgeniy Pererva¹,

A.N. Dyachenko²

Abstract: Ключевые слова: ушной экзостоз, эпоха средней бронзы, палеопатология, череп. DOI: 10.20874/2071DOI: 10.20874/ -0437-2017 Экзостозы наружного слухового прохода (external auditory exostosis, далее -«EAE») пред-ставляют собой костные образования, развивающиеся на стенках наружного слухового прохо-да. Размер экзостозов может быть различным -от булавочной головки до такой величины, что они полностью заполняют весь просвет слухового прохода. Эти образования могут быть мно-жественными и распространяться до барабанног… Show more

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The Population of the Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region in the Works of Russian Anthropologists

Pererva

Djachenko

2019

Vestn. Volgogr. gos. univ., Ser. 4, Istor. regionoved. mezdunar

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Introduction. This work is a review of scientific publications on studying paleoanthropological materials of the Bronze Age originating from burial mounds of the Lower Volga region. Materials and Analysis. The paper begins with the analysis of articles and monographic studies of domestic authors, whose works were written in the period from the 30s to the late 80s of the 20th century. The so-called Soviet period in Russian anthropology is characterized by the dominance of the individual-typological approach in describing skeletal series of representatives of the Bronze Age cultures. The osteological collections from burial complexes of the Bronze Age of the Lower Volga region accumulated at this stage of the study were distinguished by a small number and low representativeness. The main conclusions were based on studying craniological samples. A great contribution to developing ideas on the racial and ethnic history of the Lower Volga region during this period was made by researchers G.F. Debets, V.V. Gizburg, V.I. Vuich, B.V. Firshtein, A.V. Shevchenko. The second part of the article is devoted to analyzing the results of anthropological research in the region in the works of modern Russian scientists.A distinctive feature of these works is that they are based on studying large-scale craniological series of broad temporal and territorial coverage. The studies of such scientists as A.A. Khokhlov, E.F. Batieva, A.A. Kazarnitsky, M.A. Balabanova use the complex approach in which classical methods of physical anthropology (craniology, osteology) are combined with the methods of statistical analysis and using data from Archaeology, Paleodemography, and Paleoecology. Results. The work shows the importance of using anthropological data as an independent source in paleohistorical constructions, as well as in the process of the archaeological study of various cultures of the Bronze Age that existed in the Lower Volga region.

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The Population of the Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region in the Works of Russian Anthropologists

Pererva

Djachenko

2019

Vestn. Volgogr. gos. univ., Ser. 4, Istor. regionoved. mezdunar

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Burials of Sugoklea Barrow. Palaeopathological Aspect of the Study

Kozak¹

2020

Vestn. Volgogr. gos. univ., Ser. 4, Istor. regionoved. mezdunar

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Introduction. The aim of the study is to identify the causes of differences in the diseases profile, as well as sex and age indicators of different groups of people of the Yamnaja and Babino cultures buried in Sugoklea barrow on the border of the steppe and forest-steppe areals of the Nothern Pontic region. Methods. The basic classical methods for determining the individual sex, age and body height are used in the study. In the paleopathological part the frequency of dental, metabolic and infectious diseases was evaluated. Analysis. The people of the Yamnaja culture buried in Sugoklea barrow represent a “randomly formed” group. The average age of death in men of the Yamnaja group is 45.7. In adults of the early group penetrating head injuries, traces of routine infections, and oncological diseases are determined; in children, the consequences of infections and deficient diseases caused by dietary restrictions during roaming are found. In the late group, several people show the symptoms of a latent form of tuberculous meningitis. The significant loads on the teeth (wear and tear, enamel injuries), especially after 30–40 years, the absence of caries, total calculus indicate the diet consisting of hard, unrefined, mainly protein foods. The pressure of environmental factors on the population of the Babino culture group was expressed in the high frequency of the prenatal stress markers. The number of individuals with episodic stress markers is small. Most men and women died between the age of 25 and 40 (possibly due to the negative influence of environmental factors). The complex of teeth and periodontium pathologies indicates a fibrous, proteinrich, mainly meat diet, as well as significant loads on the dental system caused by using dried fish and meat, shellfish, nuts for food. Both men and women had a high percentage of exostoses of the external ear canal along with a high incidence of middle ear diseases. This phenomenon suggests a certain dependence of the group on water resources. Results. Both groups of the Yamnaja culture are parts of the migrating nomadic population engaged in grazing or exchange. The combination of pathological signs and occupational markers allows us to consider the group of the Babino culture as cattle-breeding populations and confirm the migration theory of the origin of the syncretic funeral rite in this region.

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A Stress or Migration Marker (A Study of the Auditory Canal Exostosis in the Skeleton Material of the Middle Bronze Age Population From the Lower Volga Region Burial Grounds)

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

The Population of the Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region in the Works of Russian Anthropologists

The Population of the Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region in the Works of Russian Anthropologists

Burials of Sugoklea Barrow. Palaeopathological Aspect of the Study

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