A stretchable and compressible ion gel based on a deep eutectic solvent applied as a strain sensor and electrolyte for supercapacitors

Hong, Shu; Yang, Yuan; Liu, Chaozheng; Chen, Weimin; Ling, Chen; Lian, Hailan; Liimatainen, Henrikki

doi:10.1039/c9tc05913j

Cited by 135 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Hong et al locked the conductive DES in a double network ion gel for supercapacitor. [100] The ion gel was produced by the free radical polymerization of acrylamide in a DES (composed of choline chloride, urea, and glycerol) and cellulose fiber mixture. Benefiting from the high ionic conductivity (0.58 mS cm −1 ) and a wide operating voltage window (2.0 V) of DES-based ion gel, the fabricated supercapacitors exhibited a high specific capacitance of 76.6 F g −1 at 1.0 A g −1 and a high energy density of 10.64 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 500 W kg −1 .…”

Section: Supercapacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different gels composed of a DES and polymer matrix were also prepared as quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes for supercapacitors. [ 99,100 ] An ecofriendly poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ace/LiClO 4 (PAL) DES‐based gel electrolyte with a high ionic conductivity of ≈12 mS cm −1 was developed by adding PVA into the LiClO 4 /Ace DES. It was used for high‐voltage wearable asymmetric supercapacitors (HVWASCs) with a large anodic voltage of 4.2 V. [ 99 ] The HVWASCs exhibited outstanding energy density and power capability (245 Wh kg −1 at 0.18 kW kg −1 and 98 Wh kg −1 at 95.3 kW kg −1 ).…”

Section: Dess For Energy Storage Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Eutectic Solvents for Boosting Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review and Perspective

Liang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

238

163

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The pursuit of sustainable energy utilization arouses increasing interest in efficiently producing durable battery materials and catalysts with minimum environmental impact. As green, safe, and cheap eutectic mixtures, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) provide tremendous opportunities and open up attractive perspectives as charge transfer and reaction media for electrochemical energy storage and conversion (EESC). In this review, the fundamental properties of DESs are first summarized. Then, the important roles that DESs play in various EESC technologies including advanced electrolytes for batteries/supercapacitors, media for the preparation of electrode materials and catalysts, and extracting agents for battery recycling are systematically reviewed. A particular focus is placed on the fundamental understanding of structure-composition-property-performance relationships. Finally, the challenges for the controllable design of DESs for EESC applications and future developments are presented. This review is expected to shed light on developing advanced DESs for next-generation EESC systems.

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Section: Supercapacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dess For Energy Storage Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents for Boosting Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review and Perspective

Liang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

238

163

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“…The value is much higher than that of PHEMA based‐DES gel electrolytes and is quite comparable to the recent reports on similar activated‐carbon electrodes studied in DES gel electrolyte. [ 24,26 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 25 ] Shu Hong et al reported the highly flexible PAM/cellulose supported DES (choline chloride/urea/glycerol)‐based gel which was applied as sensors to monitor human motion and also served as a solid‐state electrolyte in a supercapacitor with outstanding electrochemical performances. [ 26 ] Although the above reports have demonstrated the application of DES gels in nonvolatile devices applications, there is still a need to conduct more research toward stretchable DES gel electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and other functions (self‐healable and recoverable) for safe and efficient flexible devices. On one hand, the inverse relationship between mechanical strength and conductivity makes it challenging to develop stretchable DES gel electrolytes with high ionic conductivity comparable to that of liquid DES electrolyte in electrochemical device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of highly stretchable deep eutectic solvent‐based ionic gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity by the addition of zwitterion ion dissociators for flexible supercapacitor

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Nonvolatile deep eutectic solvent (DES) electrolytes with good electrochemical stability have recently emerged as promising electrolytes for energy storage devices. In this report, for the first time a polymerized zwitterionic molecule was introduced and a series of hybrid cross‐linked zwitterion‐containing copolymer DES gels are synthesized via UV initiated free‐radical copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA), sulfobetaine vinylimidazole (VIPS) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) monomers, in situ within DES, which is prepared from 1:2 M ratio of choline chloride and ethylene glycol. Systematically varying the AA:VIPS molar ratio and copolymer contents within the copolymer network enables one to widely tune the mechanical properties and ionic conductivity of the poly(AA‐co‐VIPS) DES gels. The tensile strength of P(AA‐co‐VIPS) DES gels significantly increased from 28 kPa to 176 kPa with fracture strain from 720% to 1370%, while the ionic conductivity of copolymer DES gels remains high from 2.7 to 4.1 mS cm−1 with the increase of copolymer content from 25 wt % to 45 wt%. A copolymer DES gel not only enables a supercapacitor deliver high capacitance of 71.52 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, and retains ∼97% of its capacitance after 2000 cycles, but also achieves outstanding capacitive performance over wide temperature range.

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“…[99][100][101][102] Ionogels rarely have the leakage problem because of the reinforced capillary force. [103,104] One successful example was trapping a deep eutectic solvent of ChCl-EG in a gelatin network (22 wt%), which was robust against mechanical pressing (Figure 13e). [105] A capacitive sensor was fabricated by placing an insulator layer between two deep eutectic solvent gels (Figure 13f).…”

Section: General Formula Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Electronics Based on Liquid Conductors

Gui

Wang

2020

Adv Elect Materials

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Soft electronics is an emerging field that is lending great convenience to daily life. Soft electronics have shown great potentials in health monitoring, soft robotics, the Internet of Things, and so forth. Though soft electronics based on solid conductors have been intensively investigated and some considerable progress has been achieved, the intrinsic shortcomings of solid conductors are becoming the Achilles’ heel of soft electronics. Fortunately, many of the disadvantages of solid conductors can be offset by liquid conductors. Following the attractive advantages of liquid materials, in particular high flexibility, infinite deformability, self‐healing, and ease of doping/being doped, this review article summarizes a history of soft electronics based on liquid conductors and introduces the most up‐to‐date liquid conducting materials together with their representative featured functions. Particular applications in sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, thermoelectric conversion, and even memory devices are discussed in detail to intuitively emphasize how liquid conductors benefit soft electronics. In addition, limitations of liquid conductors are also discussed, as well as the key challenges and some innovative strategies to overcome them. Finally, future perspectives are put forward to develop soft electronics that are fully composed of liquid circuits.

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A stretchable and compressible ion gel based on a deep eutectic solvent applied as a strain sensor and electrolyte for supercapacitors

Abstract: A deep eutectic solvent ion gel applied as a sensor for monitoring the grasping motion and as an electrolyte for symmetrically structured supercapacitors.

Cited by 135 publications

References 86 publications

Deep Eutectic Solvents for Boosting Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review and Perspective

Deep Eutectic Solvents for Boosting Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review and Perspective

Design of highly stretchable deep eutectic solvent‐based ionic gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity by the addition of zwitterion ion dissociators for flexible supercapacitor

Soft Electronics Based on Liquid Conductors

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