Aims: Although people with a disability need comprehensive and consistent healthcare services because they often have both common and disability-related health problems, their economic status may restrict healthcare service use. This study investigated the impact of economic status changes on catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) among people with a disability in South Korea. Methods: We retrieved 4,065 household records from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (2010–2012) and explored potential relationships among disability status, economic change, and CHE. Results: Households in which people with a disability recently lost a job or had been unemployed [(Odds ratios (OR): 2.30, 1.68, respectively)] were more likely to incur CHE compared with those with a consistent job. In addition, households with people with a mild disability who either lost or gained a job or who was already unemployed (OR: 3.12, 2.10, 1.73, respectively) were more likely to incur CHE than households with people with a severe disability who had been supported by medical aid. Conclusion: Households with people with a disability who experiences a change in job status are more likely to face barriers to needed healthcare services than those with no such change, indicating that job status may be a more significant factor for CHE than level of disability.