A Study Comparing Various Phenotypic Techniques for Finding Enterobacteriaceae with Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases in Urinary Tract Infections of a Tertiary Care Facility

Abstract

Background: Enterobacteriaceae is a group of facultative and nonsporing gram-negative anaerobes. These are the significant contributors to community-acquired and nosocomial illnesses. They have the potential to infect the urine, respiratory, bloodstream, and skin. Antibiotic resistance is on the rise and has been a worldwide problem, where the gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae group of bacteria is the main culprits. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted in a tertiary care institution of Tamil Nadu between June 2019 and March 2020 after getting ethical committee clearance from the institution review board. Patients attending outpatient departments and inpatient wards of various departments, with increased frequency or urgency of urination, fever, lower abdominal or flank pain, dysuria, and suprapubic tenderness which are suggestive of upper and lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) were considered into the study through a purposive sampling method. Results: A sum of 400 urine samples was collected from individuals with UTI-like symptoms who were inpatients and outpatients and ranged in age from 0 to 80 years. Of the 400 cases, 24.5% were children under the age of 12 years. 34% of people in the population were below the age of 13 years, 16.5% were between 25 and 44 years, and 26% were over 60 years. One hundred and fifty-four out of the 400 specimens that were collected showed a significant increase, and the prevalence of UTI was 38.50%. Conclusion: A health-care facility’s institutional antibiotic strategy can be modified based on the prevalent rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases generation to improve treatment outcomes and lower health-care expenses.