A study for a fire spread mechanism of residential buildings with numerical modeling

Abstract

This study is intended to present a computational standard model for combustibles, compartments and buildings. As performance based design is more popular, fire-intensity and fire-load have turned out to be very important factors for building design and can be predicted through some computational work. To predict and estimate the fire properties of a residential fire, we made some numerical models of combustibles, compartments and a residential building. In a bid to validate the estimate values, research was divided into three parts of step verifications. The first was for combustibles, the second was for compartments and the third was for the building. During each step, computational analysis results from numerical models were compared with real fire tests. For computational analysis, the Fire Dynamics Simulator was used with Large Eddy Simulation model for turbulence. Consequently, fire-intensity was well predicted and flash-over of rooms were successfully estimated.

Development of the method of operational forecasting of fire in the premises of objects under real conditions

“…This leads to an erroneous assessment of the real dynamics of the state of the IAE, which does not make it possible to promptly predict FP [15]. At the same time, the nature of the current dynamics of the state of the IAE is of paramount importance for predicting the FP in order to exclude the injury and death of the maintenance personnel, as well as the destruction of technological equipment and units in the premises of the objects [16]. Overcoming such difficulties can be carried out on the basis of using, for instance, methods of nonlinear dynamics [17].…”

Numerical Study on the Effect of Heat Release Rate and Interior Opening on Fire Flow Velocity in the Case of Interior Fire in an Apartment Building

“…Figure 1에서는 구획화재의 화재성상을 나타내며 성장기 간(τ grow ), 정상기간(τ max ), 감쇠기간(τ decay )로 구분되는데 (2) , τ grow 구간을 연료지배형 화재, τ max 구간을 환기지배형 화 재라 할 수 있다. 화재성장단계에서의 화재성장곡선은 화재크기가 시간의 제곱에 비례하여 빠르게 성장 , Ahn 등은 주 거공간에 배치된 가연물의 열역학적 연소모델을 구현하여 열방출율 및 총발열량을 수치해석과의 비교 검증 하였으 며 (4) , Mun 등은 비정상(unsteady) 화재성장이 발생되는 반 밀폐된 구획에서 환기부속화재의 열 및 화학적 특성에 관 한 FDS의 예측성능 평가를 수행하였고 (5) , Kwon 등은 FDS를 통한 초고층 주상복합건축물의 화재 사고 분석에 서 건축물 외장재 화재의 경우 바람이 작용하는 경우가 그 렇지 않은 경우에 비해 빠른 수직, 수평 화염 확대를 나타 냄을 확인하였다 (6) . Ferng 등은 전산유체역학(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)을 이용하여 스프링클러의 다양한 액적 크기에 대한 화재진압 및 제어 특성에 대한 메카니즘 을 연구하였다 (7) .…”

Study of Fire Growth Behavior in a Residential Apartment using Fire Dynamic Simulator

“…The report described the total mortality in 2020 is 154 [5]. The loss from these accidents can be mitigated by predicting fire spread behavior properly which can be done by understanding the fire spread mechanism [6]. In this paper, fire spread characteristics and evacuation modeling processes are studied through a numerical CFD analysis.…”

“…This process was done by using a software named Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). A real fire scenario can be predicted and simulated by FDS as it shows a reliable result with real cases [6][7][8][9]. Any fire growth mechanism like heat release rate, temperature, effects of burning and also evacuation modeling can be done through numerical calculation.…”