A Study from Slovakia on the Transfer of Slovak Companies to Tax Havens and Their Impact on the Sustainability of the Status of a Business Entity

Khouri, Samer; Elexa, Ľuboš; Ištok, Michal; Rosová, Andrea

doi:10.3390/su11102803

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The authors also state that the lower corporate effective tax rate is more pronounced in private firms than in public firms. Khour et al (2019) statistically tested selected indicators (e.g. effective tax rate, taxes per assets, ROE or ROA) of Slovak companies with direct ownership links to tax havens.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Czech Corporate Effective Tax Rate as Investors Costs Changes with Times

Rohan

Moravec

Kukalová

et al. 2023

Danube

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When choosing the appropriate jurisdiction, trading companies need to consider many variables. This can include administrative burdens, the speed of establishment of a company, the granting of some degree of anonymity of ownership, and a friendly tax environment. This article is focused on finding the corporate effective tax rate in the Czech Republic in the period 2005–2017 with the database of the Czech tax administrator. In the light of the international tax law, the information concerning effective tax rates becoming necessary. The results of this study show that the nominal tax rate may not be decisive for the determination of the tax burden, as most countries allow the application of tax allowances and deductions and thus achieve virtually lower taxes.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Czech Corporate Effective Tax Rate as Investors Costs Changes with Times

Rohan

Moravec

Kukalová

et al. 2023

Danube

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“…Khouri et al defined the operation failure of listed companies according to different research purposes as (1) enterprises unable to repay interest and principal, (2) enterprises with ROE lower than the bank interest rate, (3) ST enterprises, and (4) PT enterprises [11]. Li et al for financial risk warning put forward the optimized BP nervous system as a financial warning model and ensure its high prediction accuracy; through the analysis of the financial risk of listed companies in 2017-2020, we found that the accuracy of the BPNN has reached more than 80% and proved the effectiveness of the BPNN optimization [12].…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Application of a Financial Distress Early Warning Model Based on Data Reasoning and Pattern Recognition

2022

Advances in Multimedia

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Since the 1990s, emerging market financial crises have occurred frequently, causing huge damage to the real economy, and if we cannot find effective means of early warning and prevention of financial crises, the entire international economy and society will bear the high costs of crisis management. Difference nonparametric test and Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis were carried out with cash flow financial data, and 14 financial indicators with strong discriminant ability were selected from 28 financial indicators as the input variables of the model. Due to the limitations of traditional statistical methods, a BP neural network financial distress early warning model is established. Finally, a particle swarm optimization BP neural network financial early warning model is established for the shortcomings of the BP network. These 14 indicators can have strong information timeliness. The prediction accuracy rates of the two early warning models for the test samples are 80% and 85%, respectively. The empirical results show that the two models have good prediction effects. The prediction effect of the swarm optimization BP neural network model is better than that of the BP neural network model. Therefore, the particle swarm optimization BP neural network model proposed in this paper is suitable for solving the problem of discrimination and prediction of the financial distress of enterprises. The company’s financial distress early warning has good application prospects and application value. Therefore, it has very important research significance for the early warning of the corporate financial crisis.

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“…In addition, Jansky & Kokes (2016) find potential profit shifting from the Czech subsidiaries to Luxembourg and Switzerland through intragroup borrowing, since linked subsidiaries are highly leveraged compared to other subsidiaries. Studying Slovak subsidiaries, Khouri, Elexa, Istok & Rosova (2019) show that companies with an ownership link to tax havens pay significantly lower taxes compared to other companies.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profit Shifting to European Tax Havens: The Case of Subsidiaries of Multinational Companies in Serbia

Vržina

2021

TEME

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Due to the presence in a number of countries, multinational companies (MNCs) are in position to register a considerable part of pre-tax profit in countries with a preferential tax regime in order to avoid paying taxes at high rates. In other words, MNCs are able to shift profit from countries with a high tax burden to countries with low tax burden. In this paper, it is examined whether Serbian subsidiaries of MNCs, directly owned by European tax haven entities, more intensively shift profit to tax havens relative to other subsidiaries. A list of tax havens published by Oxfam in 2016 is used. Statistical tests and regression analysis showed that there is no significant difference in profit shifting to tax havens between two mentioned groups of subsidiaries. Therefore, it is possible that MNCs consider Serbia as a country with preferential tax regime due to relatively low statutory and effective corporate income tax rates. However, for the purposes of a detailed analysis, national tax authorities should insist on public disclosure of company tax reports to make tax practices of MNCs more transparent.

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A Study from Slovakia on the Transfer of Slovak Companies to Tax Havens and Their Impact on the Sustainability of the Status of a Business Entity

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Czech Corporate Effective Tax Rate as Investors Costs Changes with Times

Czech Corporate Effective Tax Rate as Investors Costs Changes with Times

Design and Application of a Financial Distress Early Warning Model Based on Data Reasoning and Pattern Recognition

Profit Shifting to European Tax Havens: The Case of Subsidiaries of Multinational Companies in Serbia

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