A study in the relationships between leptin, insulin, and body fat in Asian subjects

Ho, Su-Chin; Tai, E. Shyong; Eng, P. H. K.; Ramli, Anis Safura; Tan, Chek Tien; Fok, A. C. K.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800801

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Haluzik et al [23] reported that the plasma leptin level and lipid profile is different in healthy and hyperlipidemic children. In adults only a poor relationship was noted between leptin levels and the lipid profile [26,27]. We did not find a cor-relation between serum leptin levels and total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and TG levels in marasmic children, but a positive correlation was found between leptin and HDL cholesterol levels and a negative correlation with LDL cholesterol levels in females and a positive correlation with LDL cholesterol levels in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Serum Leptin Levels in Marasmic Children and the Relationship between Leptin and Lipid Profile

Işık¹,

Kalyoncu²,

Ökten³

2004

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background and Aims: Leptin and dyslipidemia are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We measured leptin and lipid levels, and examined whether there is an effect of leptin on lipid profile in marasmic children. Methods: Fifty children (25 marasmic, 25 healthy) aged between 0.3 and 2.5 years were evaluated. Leptin levels were compared with lipid profile in marasmic and healthy children. The relationships between leptin and sex, body mass index and lipid profile were investigated in marasmic children. Results: In the marasmic group, body mass index, leptin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.01, respectively), and triglyceride levels higher than in the control group. In females, leptin was correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.002), and inversely correlated with the triglyceride level (p = 0.003). In males, a positive correlation was found between leptin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.026). In female patients, body mass index, leptin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower (p < 0.0001, for all) when compared to their female controls. In male patients, body mass index, leptin, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower (p < 0.0001, p = 0.031, p = 0.002, p = 0.017, respectively) than those in their male controls. Conclusion: As a result, we found low leptin (an independent cardiovascular risk factor) levels, but dyslipidemia in our marasmic patients. Dyslipidemia may be a risk factor for cardiovascular complications in marasmic children in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Serum Leptin Levels in Marasmic Children and the Relationship between Leptin and Lipid Profile

Işık¹,

Kalyoncu²,

Ökten³

2004

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…Percentage body fat was calculated from the formula [(weight 7 lean body mass)a weight]Â100%. In a previous study, 18 the coef®cient of variation (CV) for total fat mass determined by repeated measurement in six individuals within 3 days was 4.7%. The formulae for measurement of percentage body fat in Western populations using bioelectric impedance analysis have been shown to apply in Chinese, which make up the majority of our study population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears that plasma leptin is associated with peripheral rather than central obesity when measured by anthropometry in our population. 18 This study allows us to con®rm these ®ndings and determine the relationship between visceral fat and plasma leptin concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk in normal weight women. Associations with insulin resistance, lipids and plasma leptin

Tai

Lau

et al. 2000

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: To systematically examine the correlations between insulin resistance, plasma leptin concentration, obesity and the distribution of fat assessed by anthropometry and magnetic resonance imaging in Asian women. DESIGN: A cross sectional study of non-diabetic, normal weight women. SUBJECTS: Twenty-one healthy women aged 38.8 y (s.d. 11.7) and BMI 22.6 kgam 2 (s.d. 2.3). MEASUREMENTS: Intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal and subcutaneous abdominal fat volume was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Anthropometric data were collected. Total fat mass was assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis. Fasting serum lipids, insulin and plasma leptin were assayed. RESULTS: Generalized obesity correlated with subcutaneous abdominal fat mass (r 0.83, P`0.001), but not with intra-abdominal fat mass. Both intraperitoneal fat mass and retroperitoneal fat mass increased with age (r 0.58, P 0.005 and r 0.612, P 0.003, respectively). Abdominal subcutaneous fat mass was the most important determinant of insulin resistance and plasma leptin. Of the serum lipids, only fasting triglyceride correlated signi®cantly with the waist-to-hip ratio. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that the large size of the subcutaneous depot compared to the intra-abdominal depot overwhelms any metabolic differences between adipose tissue from these two sites, resulting in the stronger correlation between insulin resistance and subcutaneous abdominal fat mass rather than intra-abdominal fat mass. On the other hand, the distribution of fat between subcutaneous fat depots may be important in the metabolic syndrome given the correlation of fasting triglyceride with waist to hip ratio but not with abdominal fat. However, the study population was small, younger and leaner compared to previous studies and we may not be able to generalize these results to all segments of the population. We con®rm that subcutaneous fat mass is the major determinant of plasma leptin.

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“…64,65 Serum leptin increases in parallel with BMI and, interestingly, is higher in women. [66][67][68][69][70] The sexual dimorphism in circulating leptin levels is apparent already in childhood 71,72 and has been attributed to differences in subcutaneous fat mass and adipocyte cell size. 73,74 But could gender differences in body fat distribution be indicative of a differential leptin production between depots?…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluteofemoral body fat as a determinant of metabolic health

2010

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Body fat distribution is an important metabolic and cardiovascular risk factor, because the proportion of abdominal to gluteofemoral body fat correlates with obesity-associated diseases and mortality. Here, we review the evidence and possible mechanisms that support a specific protective role of gluteofemoral body fat. Population studies show that an increased gluteofemoral fat mass is independently associated with a protective lipid and glucose profile, as well as a decrease in cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Studies of adipose tissue physiology in vitro and in vivo confirm distinct properties of the gluteofemoral fat depot with regards to lipolysis and fatty acid uptake: in day-to-day metabolism it appears to be more passive than the abdominal depot and it exerts its protective properties by long-term fatty acid storage. Further, a beneficial adipokine profile is associated with gluteofemoral fat. Leptin and adiponectin levels are positively associated with gluteofemoral fat while the level of inflammatory cytokines is negatively associated. Finally, loss of gluteofemoral fat, as observed in Cushing's syndrome and lipodystrophy is associated with an increased metabolic and cardiovascular risk. This underlines gluteofemoral fat's role as a determinant of health by the long-term entrapment of excess fatty acids, thus protecting from the adverse effects associated with ectopic fat deposition.

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A study in the relationships between leptin, insulin, and body fat in Asian subjects

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Serum Leptin Levels in Marasmic Children and the Relationship between Leptin and Lipid Profile

Serum Leptin Levels in Marasmic Children and the Relationship between Leptin and Lipid Profile

Body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk in normal weight women. Associations with insulin resistance, lipids and plasma leptin

Gluteofemoral body fat as a determinant of metabolic health

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