A study of an influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in pregnant women in Rajasthan, India

Agrawal, Abhishek; Agarwal, Shradha; Kumar, Vinay; Nawal, C. L.; Mital, Premlata; Chejara, Radhey Shyam

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.07.020

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Regarding seasonal influenza before the 2009 pandemic, pregnant women had a higher risk of influenza-related hospitalizations compared to non-pregnant or postpartum women, particularly in the late stages of pregnancy [ 11 , 12 ]. During the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic, pregnancy was considered to be an independent risk factor for influenza severity and studies from different countries reported that pregnant women infected with the pandemic virus were more likely to experience hospitalizations [ 13 – 16 ], admission to intensive care units (ICU) [ 16 – 18 ], maternal mortality [ 19 – 23 ], and adverse neonatal outcomes [ 14 , 17 , 24 – 26 ]. During influenza seasons after the 2009 pandemic, pregnant women have had a higher risk than non-pregnant woman of being hospitalized due to respiratory illnesses [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the risk of severe outcomes and the role of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnant women hospitalized with confirmed influenza, Spain, 2010/11-2015/16

et al. 2018

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Based on previous observations during pandemics and seasonal epidemics, pregnant women are considered at risk of developing severe influenza outcomes after influenza infection. With the aim of preventing severe influenza illness, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes pregnant women as a target group for seasonal influenza vaccination. However, influenza vaccine uptake during pregnancy remains low in many countries, including Spain. The objectives of this study were to increase the evidence of pregnancy as a risk factor for severe influenza illness and to study the potential role of seasonal influenza vaccination in the prevention of severe outcomes in infected pregnant women. Using information from the surveillance of Severe Hospitalized Confirmed Influenza Cases (SHCIC) in Spain, from seasons 2010/11 to 2015/16, we estimated that pregnant women in our study had a relative risk of hospitalization with severe influenza nearly 7.8 times higher than non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Only 5 out of 167 pregnant women with known vaccination status in our study had been vaccinated (3.6%). Such extremely low vaccination coverage only allowed obtaining crude estimates suggesting a protective effect of the vaccine against influenza complications (ICU admission or death). Our overall results support that pregnant women could benefit from seasonal influenza vaccination, in line with national and international recommendations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the risk of severe outcomes and the role of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnant women hospitalized with confirmed influenza, Spain, 2010/11-2015/16

et al. 2018

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“…H1N1 is a risk factor of hospitalization through pregnancy [7]. Bacterial pneumonia can happen as a pulmonary complication of H1N1 which developed a severe state, and can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as a result [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Pneumonia Associated With (H1N1) in a Pregnant Young Woman

Alduihi

2020

Preprint

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H1N1 is an acute infection that can affect any person any age as all viral infections, but it may be more aggressive in pregnant women. It may require admission to the ICU, and it carries many complications, pre-partum delivery, a severe state and even death if not treated immediately. H1N1 can correlate with a co-infection with bacterial pneumonia, and carries poor prognosis to morbidity and mortality. It needs a correlation of antibiotics and anti-swan treatment, and it needs a high intensity of clinician because, the diagnosis of H1N1 may be misleading in such cases. This case of a 14-year-old nonsmoker, a young pregnant woman, presented to the emergency department with gynecological hemorrhage 2 days prior. She was admitted to the obstetrics department and developed severe breathlessness, chest pain and nonproductive cough through hospitalization. After taking a throat swap, she was diagnosed with H1N1. She was treated with oseltamivir and antibiotics, and suspected coauthor bacterial pneumonia.

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“…Birth outcomes were also found to be potentially impacted by influenza infection during pregnancy, with fetal mortality ranging from 5.5% to 33% and prematurity rates from 20% to 33% [60]. A retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center in Rajasthan led to the conclusion that mortality was significantly higher in pregnant women infected with 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic (A/H1N1pdm09) than in other infected women (36% vs. 17%) [61]. This is further supported by data from a retrospective analysis of 6203 A/ H1N1pdm09 cases from Rajasthan, as pregnancy was found to be the predominant predisposing factor [62].…”

Section: Maternal Influenza Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal immunization: trends in South and Southeast Asian countries

Kamath

Kukreja

Mukherjee

et al. 2021

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Maternal immunization has the potential to reduce neonatal deaths caused by vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Elimination of maternal and neonatal tetanus from many countries illustrates the potential benefits of maternal immunization as a strategy to decrease neonatal mortality caused by vaccine-preventable infections. Many countries in South and Southeast Asia have high cases of neonatal deaths, which were historically attributed to vaccine-preventable infections. Still, these countries vary in recommendations regarding immunization of pregnant women. We reviewed the current recommendations for the use of tetanus toxoid, tetanus-diphtheria, or tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines for immunization of pregnant women. In addition to protection against tetanus and diphtheria, administration of the Tdap vaccine to pregnant women could help protect neonates against pertussis until they can receive the first two vaccine doses of their primary course. Vaccination against seasonal influenza is also recommended in many countries worldwide for pregnant women as influenza can pose health risks for the mother-fetus unit and the infant. Despite the recognized benefit of influenza vaccination for pregnant women, only some South and Southeast Asian countries have implemented its recommendation. The success of maternal tetanus vaccination has kindled the interest in vaccines that can be safely administered during pregnancy. Future availability of vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus and group B streptococcus, for use in pregnant women, could help prevent neonatal infections, especially in regions where diseases are less controlled. Communicating the body of evidence that supports maternal immunization to obstetricians is key for achieving optimal vaccination coverage to ensure protection of neonates. The current review aims to create awareness about the existing and potential benefits of maternal immunization in South and Southeast Asia.

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A study of an influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in pregnant women in Rajasthan, India

Abstract: Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection during pregnancy causes more severe illness. Early recognition and timely administration of antiviral therapy can improve outcomes. The role of influenza vaccination in this high-risk population cannot be overemphasized.

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Exploring the risk of severe outcomes and the role of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnant women hospitalized with confirmed influenza, Spain, 2010/11-2015/16

Exploring the risk of severe outcomes and the role of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnant women hospitalized with confirmed influenza, Spain, 2010/11-2015/16

Severe Pneumonia Associated With (H1N1) in a Pregnant Young Woman

Maternal immunization: trends in South and Southeast Asian countries

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