A study of bonding and failure mechanisms in fuel pellets from different biomass resources

Stelte, Wolfgang; Holm, Jesper; Sanadi, Anand R.; Barsberg, Søren; Ahrenfeldt, Jesper; Henriksen, Ulrik Birk

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.11.003

Cited by 320 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Com o aumento da temperatura, a energia das moléculas de lignina aumenta, ligações intermoleculares são enfraquecidas e ocorrem rotações em torno das ligações covalentes, o que torna a lignina flexível, passando do estado vítreo para plástico MOREY, 2010;STELTE et al, 2011b). A temperatura em que este fenômeno ocorre denomina-se temperatura de transição vítrea e depende da composição da lignina e da presença de um agente plasticizante, como a água, e varia de 50 a 100 ºC (STELTE et al, 2011b). A umidade da matéria-prima, as temperaturas elevadas e a pressão no processo de compactação contribuem para o aumento a fluidez da lignina, elevando a área de contato e a possibilidade de interpenetração de moléculas de lignina entre duas partículas (STELTE et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Pereira

Carneiro

Carvalho

et al. 2016

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ResumoOs pellets vêm se tornando uma importante fonte renovável de energia para utilização industrial e doméstica. O mercado consumidor está cada vez mais exigente quanto à qualidade do produto e essa pode ser melhorada por meio da utilização de diferentes aditivos, como a lignina kraft. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade dos pellets de eucalipto produzidos com adição de diferentes percentagens de lignina kraft. A matéria-prima utilizada para produção de pellets foi madeira com casca de um clone de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla com aproximadamente cinco anos de idade, proveniente de plantio comercial, além de 10% de resíduos da colheita do eucalipto (ponteira, folhas e galhos). Excluindo-se a testemunha (0% de lignina), adicionou-se 1, 2, 3, e 5% de lignina kraft, em relação à massa seca da matéria-prima. Os pellets foram produzidos em uma peletizadora laboratorial com matriz circular horizontal. Foram avaliadas as seguintes propriedades dos pellets: teor de umidade, poder calorífico superior e útil, densidade a granel e aparente, densidade energética, teor de cinzas, comprimento e diâmetro, dureza, durabilidade mecânica e teor de finos. A adição de lignina kraft em pellets de eucalipto contribuiu para a melhoria das propriedades físicas e mecânicas, no que se diz respeito à densidade, durabilidade mecânica, geração de finos e dureza. A adição de lignina ocasionou a elevação dos teores de cinzas e da umidade dos pellets. Conclui-se que a adição de lignina para produção de pellets é viável, desde que sejam utilizadas ligninas com menores teores de cinzas e umidade. Palavras-chave: Durabilidade mecânica; aditivo; combustível sólido; cinzas. AbstractInfluence of adding kraft lignin in eucalyptus pellets properties. The pellets are becoming an important renewable source of energy for industrial and domestic use. The consumer market is increasingly demanding in terms of product quality and this may be improved through the use of various additives, such as kraft lignin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of eucalyptus pellets produced with the addition of different percentages of kraft lignin. The raw material used for production of pellets was wood with bark of an Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone, with approximately five years of age, obtained from commercial planting, and 10% of waste of eucalyptus harvest (tops, leaves and branches). Excluding the control (0% lignin) was added 1, 2, 3, and 5% kraft lignin, relative to the dry mass of raw material. The pellets were produced in a laboratory pelletizer with a horizontal circular array. The following properties of the pellets were evaluated: moisture content, gross and net calorific value, unit density, bulk density, energy density, ash content, length and diameter, hardness, mechanical durability and fines content. The addition of kraft lignin contributed to improving the pellets physical and mechanical properties, as regards the density, mechanical durability, fines and hardness. The addition of lignin cau...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Pereira

Carneiro

Carvalho

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It should be noted that in this study no adhesives were used while pelletizing biomass. The surface-to-surface bonding of the particles may have contributed significantly to the strength of the pellets, and the extent of the bonding largely depended on the lignin and the moisture content of the biomass [24]. Figure 3 illustrates the force vs piston position.…”

Section: Work Of Compactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process and Energy Analysis of Pelleting Agricultural and Woody Biomass Blends

2018

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Unprocessed biomass has low energy density and high transportation cost. The energy generated through biomass can be enhanced by the pelletizing technique. In order to evaluate the energy requirement for the pelletizing of agricultural biomass, three different particle sizes (150-300, 300-425, and 425-600 µm) of reed canary grass (RCG), timothy hay (TH), and switchgrass (SW) were selected in the present work. Furthermore, two woody biomasses (spruce and pine) were also considered under similar experimental conditions for comparison purposes. An Instron machine attached to an in-house built pelletizer unit was employed to produce a single pellet. The energy demand for compacting ground biomass (spruce) with a particle size of 150 µm was lower (2.07 kJ) than those required for particle sizes of 300 µm (2.24 kJ) and 425 µm (2.43 kJ). The energy required for compacting ground reed canary grass, timothy hay, and switchgrass was lower (1.61, 1.97, and 1.68 kJ, respectively) than that required for spruce (2.36 kJ) and pine (2.35 kJ), evaluated at a 159-MPa load and at temperature of about 80 • C. The energy demand for blended biomass was around 2 kJ with the pellet quality approaching that of the pellets made from woody biomass. Overall, blending helped to improve the quality of pellets and lower the compaction energy requirements.

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“…Lignin has the ability to act as an adhesive and increases the strength of the fiber bond but this depends on the type of lignin and amount of moisture and temperature of processing [35][36][37] . Particleboards Thermal conductivity TC ISOMET…”

Section: Bending (Moe and Mor)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coconut coir has low amounts of hemicellulose and a high amount of lignin 41-45% [32][33][34] . Lignin has the ability to act as an adhesive and increases the strength of the fiber bond but this depends on the type of lignin and amount of moisture in the material [35][36][37] . Particleboards that have high lignin content will be rather stronger with a higher water resistance.…”

Section: Thickness Swelling (Ts) and Water Absorption (Wa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coir and Sisal Fibers as Fillers in the Production of Eucalyptus Medium Density Particleboards - MDP

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of sisal and coir fibers in combination with Eucalyptus particles for the production of particleboard. The particleboards were produced in three layers. The first and third layers (face) were made with small Eucalyptus particles. The second layer (core) was made with big Eucalyptus particles in combination with coir or sisal fibers. The particleboards were prepared with the substitution on Eucalyptus wood for sisal and coir fibers in the particleboards core, in doses of 0, 10, and 20%, relative to the total mass of particles. The particleboards were characterized by mechanical, physical and thermal properties. The results were not satisfactory for particleboards with sisal. However, for coir particleboards the physical-mechanical properties were very similar to those particleboards produced only with Eucalyptus. This work demonstrates the potential use of the coir that is commonly disposed in landfills on the Brazilian beaches.

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A study of bonding and failure mechanisms in fuel pellets from different biomass resources

Abstract: Pelletization of biomass reduces its handling costs, and results in a fuel

Cited by 320 publications

References 23 publications

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Process and Energy Analysis of Pelleting Agricultural and Woody Biomass Blends

Coir and Sisal Fibers as Fillers in the Production of Eucalyptus Medium Density Particleboards - MDP

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