A Study of Bulk Cement Handling and Testing Procedures

Gerk, Richard R.; Simon, Joseph M.; Logan, J.L.; Sabins, Fred

doi:10.2118/14196-pa

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…As indicated in Figure 1 sample Base has a considerable density variation vertically along its length with the density at bottom of 2.31 g/cm 3 , at middle is 2.27 g/cm 3 , and at top is 2.13 g/cm 3 .…”

Section: Density Variationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The plastic viscosity and yield point are measured using the Fan 35 rheometer reading at 300 rpm and 600 rpm using Equations (1) and (2). During the rheological experiment, the shear stress values are recorded at different shear rates starting from 3 to 300 rpm, i.e., (3,6, 100, 200, 300 rpm). The reading at 600 rpm was obtained by extrapolate the consistency curve which becomes as a straight line at higher shear rate.…”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oil well cement (OWC) slurry, which contains different additives such as retarder, fluid loss agent, dispersant and heavy weight material, is pumped into oil wells to fill up the gap space between the casing and the drilled formations [1][2][3]. OWC is injected to achieve different objectives such as supporting the drilled weak formations and casings, preventing cross flow between the formations and wellbore and between the different layers, especially the flow from high-pressure zones to low pressure zones, and to isolate the oil-bearing zones from water-bearing layers [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 6 of 16 g/cm3 at bottom, middle, and top of sample SMP3. Samples SMP4 and SMP5 have density variations of 5.70% and 2.22%, respectively.The CT scanning technique was also used to compare the change in the density of the all samples under study.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Development of a Homogenous Cement Slurry Using Synthetic Modified Phyllosilicate while Cementing HPHT Wells

Elkatatny

2019

Sustainability

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Cement slurry segregation has a detrimental impact on the cement matrix efficiency in term of zonal isolation. In this study, synthetic modified phyllosilicate (SMP) dispersant, which is known as laponite RD is suggested to reduce the slurry segregation and enhance the vertical homogeneity of the cement matrix in term of density distribution. Seven cement slurries were prepared with different SMP concentrations using molds with different dimensions based on the targeted test, then cured for 24 h at 140 °C and 3000 psi using a high-pressure and high-temperature curing chamber. After that, the samples’ density distribution was evaluated using a direct density measurement and computer tomography (CT) scan imaging technique, and the effect of SMP on the cement rheological parameters, permeability, and compressive strength and were also evaluated. The performance of SMP was then compared with a commercial dispersant. As a result, 0.3% by weight of cement (BWOC) of SMP is found to considerably reduce the vertical density variation along the cement column to 0.46% compared with a density variation of 4.78% for the slurry with the commercial dispersant. The CT scan images confirmed the vertical homogeneity of the slurry with 0.3% BWOC of SMP. Addition of 0.3% BWOC of SMP increased the yield point of the cement slurry to 60.6 MPa compared with 20.5 MPa for the slurry with 0.25% of the commercial dispersant. Adding 0.3% BWOC of SMP into the cement formulation decreased the permeability by 37.1% compared with the commercial dispersant. The sample with 0.3% BWOC of SMP has a compressive strength of 43.9 MPa.

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Section: Density Variationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Homogenous Cement Slurry Using Synthetic Modified Phyllosilicate while Cementing HPHT Wells

Elkatatny

2019

Sustainability

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“…Some companies are willing to accept a 40% variation in thickening time between the pilot and Copyright 1989 Society of Petroleum Engineers blend tests. 2 In 1982, we implemented a field study to evaluate service companies' blending equipment and procedures. The following recommendations resulted from this study: (1) layer the cement and additives, (2) weigh additives on a close tolerance scale, (3) move the cement a minimum of six times before samples are taken, and (4) obtain accurate (representative) samples while the blend is going to the tank in which it will be transported to the rig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Laboratory Improves Oilfield Cementing Success

Granberry

Grant

Clarke

1989

Journal of Petroleum Technology

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Summary A newly built mobile cement-testing laboratory assists in monitoring blended cement quality and design. The unit contains the equipment required to perform tests for oilwell cements described in API's Spec 10. Case histories are presented describing how use of the mobile cement laboratory improved cementing success on critical cement jobs. Introduction Cementing practices, equipment, and materials have changed as wells have become deeper and technology has advanced. Many cementing systems have been devised. The number of different systems that can be designed by varying the components is almost endless. The pumping time of a cementing system is controlled by the class of cement, the well temperature and pressure, and the type and amounts of additives. In 1939, the first pressure/temperature thickening-time tester was developed, enabling, the industry to forecast slurry performance accurately. Proper "aboveground" density is essential to the successful accomplishment of any well-cementing operation. Only a small amount of water (about 25%) is necessary for cement to set satisfactorily. More water must be added, however, for the cement system to be pumpable. Mixing and pumping equipment has evolved continuously over the past few years. Unfortunately, maintaining slurry density during, cement jobs is still a problem. Cement is usually handled in bulk form, In most cases, additives can be blended with bulk cement to suit any well condition. To achieve success. critical cement-jobs require accurate testing in the laboratory, proper blending of the cement and additives, and correct mixing of the slurry to designed density. A gamut of pilot tests must be run to ensure a good slurry design. After the system has been blended, samples also must be tested. Many oil companies depend solely on the cement service companies to meet these criteria. Chevron, however, has developed a cooperative testing program that works closely with the service company field and laboratory personnel. This program relies heavily on monitoring the quality and performance of cement and additives. Using this program, Chevron and the service company can verify the slurry performance. Over the past few years, a number of major oil companies have experienced situations in which pilot test and blend sample test results did not correlate. Some companies are willing, to accept a 40% variation in thickening time between the pilot and blend tests. In 1982, we implemented a field study to evaluate service companies' blending equipment and procedures. The following recommendations resulted from this study:layer the cement and additives,weigh additives on a close tolerance scale,move the cement a minimum of six times before samples are taken, andobtain accurate (representative) samples while the blend is going to the tank in which it will be transported to the rig. Very close correlation between pilot and blend sample tests was achieved with the implementation of these recommended procedures. While developing these recommendations. we observed a long period between blending, of the cement with additives and testing of the samples. Although the samples were "hot shotted" to both the Chevron and service company laboratories, in most cases, the cement was on location before testing of the blend samples began. In the past, other methods of analyzing cement blend samples. such as a chemical analysis, have been attempted, but none provided the accuracy of a thickening-time test on a high-pressure, high-temperature consistometer. Because of the time required to ship samples and inadequate alternative testing methods, a full-scale testing laboratory with the ability to operate at remote wellsites or service company blending facilities was needed. Capabilities We designed the mobile cement-testing laboratory with the following objectives:equip a self-contained vehicle with equipment that would reliably perform thickening-time. fluid-loss, free-water, and rheology tests on cement slurries for critical casing strings on any well:to provide living accommodations for two people on location:to provide reserve capabilities;to be within the weight limitation of the vehicle:to meet safety requirements;to provide access to laboratory equipment for maintenance and service:to provide for the calibration of the testing equipment; andto be cost-effective. JPT P. 1032^

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B Laboratory Testing, Evaluation, and Analysis of Well Cements

Bell

Nelson

1990

Developments in Petroleum Science

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A Study of Bulk Cement Handling and Testing Procedures

Cited by 6 publications

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Development of a Homogenous Cement Slurry Using Synthetic Modified Phyllosilicate while Cementing HPHT Wells

Development of a Homogenous Cement Slurry Using Synthetic Modified Phyllosilicate while Cementing HPHT Wells

Mobile Laboratory Improves Oilfield Cementing Success

B Laboratory Testing, Evaluation, and Analysis of Well Cements

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