A study of clinical profile of snake bite at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background:Snake bite is an important occupational and rural hazard because India has always been a land of Exotic snakes. In Maharashtra, common poisonous snakes are Cobra, Russell's Viper, Saw Scaled Viper, and Krait. It is a fact that inspite of heavy morbidity and mortality, very little attention is paid by the clinicians to this occupational hazard.Aims:To study the prevalence of poisonous and non-poisonous snake bites in part of Western Maharashtra with reference to age, sex, occupation, part of body bitten, time of bite and seasonal variation, and the types of poisonous snakes common in this locality and their clinical manifestations along with the systemic envenomation from various types of poisonous snakes and their effective management in reducing the mortality rate.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study conducted between May 2010 to May 2012 at a tertiary health care center in Maharashtra.Result:A total of 150 patients were studied in our hospital. Out of 150, 76 patients were of poisonous snake bite and 74 patients were of non-poisonous snake bite. Out of these 76 poisonous snake bites, 42 were viperine snake bites, 21 were neuroparalytic snake bites and 13 were locally toxic (LT) snake bites.Conclusion:Snake bite is a common life-threatening emergency in the study area. Delay in hospitalization is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality rate due to consumptive coagulopathy, renal failure, and respiratory failure. Unusual complications like pulmonary edema, intracerebral hemorrhage, Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were observed in present study.

Incidence & prognosis of acute kidney injury in individuals of snakebite in a tertiary care hospital in India

“…In this study, maximum number of victims (62 %) was males. Similar findings showing male preponderance were noted in many previous studies 14 15 16 . However, some reports showed female predominance in their area 17 .…”

Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study

“… Bawaskar et al, 2014 Bawaskar et al, 2008 Bawaskar and Bawaskar, 2002 . Bhalla et al, 2009 Bhalla et al, 2014 Chattopadhyay et al, 2004 Chaudhari et al, 2014 Chauhan et al, 2005 Cherian et al, 2013 Datir et al, 2015 Deshpande et al, 2013 Gajbhiye et al, 2019 Gosavi et al, 2013 Government of Tamil Nadu, 2008 Gupt et al, 2015 Gurudut et al, 2011 Halesha et al, 2013 Harshavardhan et al, 2013 Innah, 2015 Jayakrishnan et al, 2017 Kirte et al, 2006 Korambayil et al, 2015 Kumar et al, 2018 Kumar et al, 2013 Longkumer et al, 2016 . Mandal et al, 2019 .…”

The North-South divide in snake bite envenomation in India

“…[345678] South Indian snakes predominantly cause hemotoxicity or nephrotoxicity in 83.59% of cases (1965 envenomations) [Table 1]. [910111213141516] This trend becomes apparent as we move Southward from Delhi early as Maharashtra, which has thus been included by us in South India. North Indian snakes predominantly cause neurotoxicity in 70.95% of cases (877 envenomations) [Table 2].…”

“…[345678] P < 0.05 Our research shows that the Russell's viper is virtually nonexistent in North, and there is enough published evidence to prove this fact. [345678910111213141516] Neurotoxic snake Krait is responsible for high mortality throughout North India. [345678] Hence, the North Indian profile is neurotoxicity predominant (Krait), and South Indian profile is hemonephrotoxicity predominant (Russell's and saw-scaled vipers).…”