A study of congenital anomalies and perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios

Abstract

Background: The amniotic fluid is a cocoon of protection in fetal life. Amniotic fluid volume is an indicator of fetal wellbeing. Too little amniotic fluid is called oligohydramnios and is associated with increased incidence of congenital malformations and neonatal mortality. Aims & Objective: To estimate the incidence of congenital malformations and to study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal intensive care unit and the maternity wards of Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore. Ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid index was recorded and cases of oligohydramnios detected were followed up. Congenital malformations were observed both by ante natal and post natal ultrasounds, other relevant investigations were also done when necessary. The perinatal outcome in terms of fetal distress, mortality and intrauterine growth retardation were recorded. Results: 120 cases of oligohdramnios were recorded. Seven newborns with congenital malformations were detected (5.8%). The most common congenital malformation was hydronephrosis. Four neonatal deaths were recorded in the study (3.3%). Fetal distress was observed in nine neonates (7.5%) and thirty neonates (25%) had intrauterine growth retardation. Conclusion: Congenital malformations, neonatal mortality, fetal distress and intra uterine growth retardation are significant risks in oligohydramnios. The lower the amniotic fluid index more is the risk of both mortality and congenital anomalies.

A Clinical Study of Effects of Poly and Oligohy Dromnios on Obstetric Outcome With a Sp E C I Al Ref Erence to Perinatal Mortality and Morbi D Ity

“…In Oligohydramnios: In our study, total of 4% cases had congenital anomalies as compared to 12.9% in Guin et al study, 5.8% in Anil Shetty et al 13 In our study, infantile PCKD were 2% as compared to Guin et al 4 study where 7.5% were PCKD. In our study 0.67% were MCKD, single umbilical artery and microcephaly.…”

Comparative study of maternal and fetal outcome between low and normal amniotic fluid index at term

“…In 6% of the babies in cases, congenital anomalies were related to urinary tract system. Incidence of congenital anomalies reported by Shetty et al was 8%, 5.8% by Guin et al,8.5% by Golan et al and 11% by Shenker et al 16,[18][19][20] APGAR score of babies at 1 min and 5 min was 8-10 for 61% and 68 % cases and <7 for 39 % and 32 % of cases respectively while 77% and 80 % in 8-10 and 23 % and 20% in ≤7 for control. It is comparable to the study of Chate P score <7 in study group was 30% at 1 min.…”

Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in Oligohydramnios: A Hospital Based Study in Western Nepal

“…In study done by Bastide A et al 13 incidence of anomalies was 13% which is similar. Incidence of congenital anomalies was 10% in study done by Casey BM et al 5 and 4.2% in study done by Guin G et al 14 incidence was lesser in study done by Shetty A et al 15 which was only 5.8%.…”