A Study of Doderlein's Vaginal Bacillus

Lash, A.F.; Kaplan, Bertha

doi:10.1093/infdis/38.4.333

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In 1892, Albert Doderlein first described the presence of Gram-positive bacilli in the vagina of healthy reproductive-age women with low vaginal pH [ 1 ]. He considered the anti-staphylococci activities of the vaginal bacilli and the bactericidal action of the vaginal secretions to be due to the lactic acid produced by the bacilli [ 2 ]. His findings and those of others led to the proposal that vaginal acidification by lactic acid producing Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…His findings and those of others led to the proposal that vaginal acidification by lactic acid producing Lactobacillus spp. is the primary mechanism by which these bacteria contribute to the protection against reproductive tract pathogens [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition to releasing organic acid metabolites (e.g., lactic acid) known to provide antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The implausible “in vivo” role of hydrogen peroxide as an antimicrobial factor produced by vaginal microbiota

2018

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In the cervicovaginal environment, the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by vaginal Lactobacillus spp. is often mentioned as a critical factor to the in vivo vaginal microbiota antimicrobial properties. We present several lines of evidence that support the implausibility of H2O2 as an “in vivo” contributor to the cervicovaginal milieu antimicrobial properties. An alternative explanation is proposed, supported by previous reports ascribing protective and antimicrobial properties to other factors produced by Lactobacillus spp. capable of generating H2O2. Under this proposal, lactic acid rather than H2O2 plays an important role in the antimicrobial properties of protective vaginal Lactobacillus spp. We hope this commentary will help future research focus on more plausible mechanisms by which vaginal Lactobacillus spp. exert their antimicrobial and beneficial properties, and which have in vivo and translational relevance.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

The implausible “in vivo” role of hydrogen peroxide as an antimicrobial factor produced by vaginal microbiota

2018

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“…Three types of bacterial flora were recognised according to the character of the direct smear-"Grade A," composed entirely of Doderlein's bacillus and representing the normal flora; " Grade B," a mixture of Doderlein's bacillus and diphtheroids; and "Grade C," consisting of a profuse bacterial mixture in which diphtheroids, enterococci and staphylococci were most numerous. No systematic study of Doderlein's bacillus has been reported in this country and the descriptions of the organism given by German and American workers have been mostly derived from the study of a small number of strains (Jotten, 1922;Rother, 1922;Lash and Kaplan, 1926;Thomas, 1928). A review of the literature is given elsewhere .…”

Section: Doderlein's Vaginal Bacillus: a Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Döderlein's Vaginal Bacillus: A Contribution to the Study of the Lacto-Bacilli

Cruickshank

1931

J. Hyg.

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It is concluded from a study of the morphological and cultural characters of 60 strains of Döderlein's vaginal bacillus that the organism belongs to the lacto-bacillus group of bacteria.Primary culture of Döderlein's bacillus may be readily obtained on lactose blood agar incubated aerobically provided the vaginal flora is of “Grade A” type, but its subsequent propagation on artificial culture media is less likely to be successful.Three morphological types of Döderlein's bacillus are recognised. Cultural and fermentative tests show that these types are all biologically similar.There is no serological homogeneity among the strains of Döderlein's bacillus, although there was some evidence of a serological relationship among the members of the commonest morphological type. The same serological type tends to persist in the vagina throughout pregnancy. Döderlein's bacillus and lacto-bacilli derived from other sources are not serologically identical.

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“…In his pioneering studies on bacteria present in vaginal secretions, Döderlein characterized such organisms as Gram-positive, fermenter, non-spore-forming and unflagged bacteria (10,13,14). He also noted that the bactericidal activity of vaginal secretions was associated with lactic acid production due to the fermentation process performed by the bacilli (15). L. acidophilus ais the most abundant bacteria in these environments, and a member of the normal gut and vagina microbiota (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doderlin: Isolation and Characterization of a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptide from Lactobacillus acidophilus

Silva

Díaz-Roa

Yamane

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Lactobacillus acidophilus are Gram-positive bacteria distributed in diverse environments, and as being a component of the normal microbiota of gastrointestinal and urogenital tract, being relevant to humans. Classified as lactic acid bacteria, due to the pro-duction of lactic acid, Lactobacillus can also produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which is a compound synthesized by all forms of life aiming for protecting themselves from threats and to increase their competitivity to survive in a specific environment. AMPs are molecules capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and, due to the indiscriminate use of conventional antibiotics and the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria, they have become an alternative, not only for treating multi-resistant infections, but also for probiotic product confection and food conservation. Considering the rampant rise of resistance, the present study aimed to isolate and characterize antimicrobial peptides from Lactobacillus acidophilus extracts. Samples were obtained from Lactobacillus acid extract supernatant which was pre-fractionated on disposable cartridges, followed by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The collected fractions were evaluated in a liquid growth inhibition assay where eight fractions antimicrobial activity were obtained. One of them was selected for further characterization by mass spectrometry (MS), due to its antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and conclusive results in mass spectrometry analysis. This molecule was identified as a peptide having a molecular mass of 1788.01 Da, peptide sequence NEPTHLLKAFSKAGFQ, and named Doderlin. Interestingly, antimicrobial molecules isolated from L. acidophilus have already been described previously, but few reports in the literature describe an AMP effective against C. 34 albicans as reported here. The results obtained suggest that this newly discovered molecule have a biological property with potential to be applied in pharmaceutical and food companies in the fight against contamination and/or for treating infections caused by microorganisms.

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A Study of Doderlein's Vaginal Bacillus

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

The implausible “in vivo” role of hydrogen peroxide as an antimicrobial factor produced by vaginal microbiota

The implausible “in vivo” role of hydrogen peroxide as an antimicrobial factor produced by vaginal microbiota

Döderlein's Vaginal Bacillus: A Contribution to the Study of the Lacto-Bacilli

Doderlin: Isolation and Characterization of a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptide from Lactobacillus acidophilus

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