A study of eighteenth century glass vessels from central Europe by x-ray fluorescence analysis

Kunicki-Goldfinger, Jerzy J.; Kierzek, J.; Kasprzak, Artur; Ko, Borg

doi:10.1002/1097-4539(200007/08)29:4<310::aid-xrs431>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This data analysis tool has been used previously in several studies of ancient glasses to compare glass compositions. (Cox and Gillies, 1986;Kunicki-Goldfinger et al, 2000;Schalm et al, 2007)…”

Section: Pixe-pige Chemical Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thirteenth-century stained glass windows of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris: An insight into medieval glazing work practices

Hunault

Bauchau

Boulanger

et al. 2021

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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The restoration of the four northern windows of the 13th century Sainte-Chapelle in Paris from 2011 to 2014 has offered a unique opportunity to investigate the chemical composition and color of medieval glasses. This impressive corpus, covering a total surface of 660m 2 , was created in a record time of a few years. The glasses from ten selected panels were analyzed using non-destructive and non-invasive techniques, with a specific consideration for the color of the glasses. Ion beam analyses performed at the New AGLAE facility enabled revealing that all ancient glasses are potash type glasses made from plant ashes, likely beech, in agreement with previous results on off-site panels. The multivariate analysis of major and minor elements demonstrates the presence of compositional clusters with a small variability suggesting the identification of bundles of glasses. The coloration of the glasses was measured by optical absorption spectroscopy, using a mobile spectrophotometer over the entire UV-visible-NIR energy range. The color palette is made of six colors assigned to typical medieval recipes. The chromophores of the different glasses are identified by combining the chemical composition, optical absorption spectroscopy and colorimetry. Colorless, yellow and purple glasses arise from the subtle redox equilibrium between manganese and iron. Their reduced usage shows their uncertain production. Blue glasses are colored by Co 2+ using saffre from the contemporary German mines, green glasses are colored by Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ using high concentrations of copper and red glasses are striated glass colored by metallic copper nanoparticles. Glass matrix and chromophores form compositional clusters, which are spread among the panels of the four windows suggesting that the glazing of these four windows was run simultaneously by the same atelier using the same supply of glass.

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Section: Pixe-pige Chemical Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thirteenth-century stained glass windows of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris: An insight into medieval glazing work practices

Hunault

Bauchau

Boulanger

et al. 2021

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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“…These Baroque hollow glass objects are different from the medieval ones, as during this period experimental attempts to produce high-quality clear glass resulted in the reduction of the use of stabilising components such as lime and alumina, due to the purification process of the batch components. Moreover, the use of purified materials was often associated with a high silica content [38][39][40][41], following the invention of the famous Cristallo during the Renaissance period [42]. The so-called Baroque crystal and white (chalk) glasses often had additions of Pb and As oxides to the batch [38].…”

Section: Historic Potassium-rich Glasses and Their Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the use of purified materials was often associated with a high silica content [38][39][40][41], following the invention of the famous Cristallo during the Renaissance period [42]. The so-called Baroque crystal and white (chalk) glasses often had additions of Pb and As oxides to the batch [38]. It appears that compounds with lead were introduced as separate raw materials in the production of central European colorless vessels about 1700 or later, [41,43] as well as the arsenic oxide and the saltpeter [44].…”

Section: Historic Potassium-rich Glasses and Their Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historic K-rich silicate glass surface alteration: Behaviour of high-silica content matrices

2018

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Several K-Ca-Si glass compositions typical of Central-European glassworks are susceptible to damage beyond recall, even in mild museum conservative conditions. In order to provide a comprehensive picture of the deterioration process, replica samples were produced and exposed to four different museum-like environments. The corrosion experiment was followed by the use of ToF-SIMS, µ-Raman and µ-FTIR, performing a systematic compositional and structural study for the early stages (one year) of surface alteration. This work demonstrates the dominant role of Pb 2+ and Ca 2+ content for the inferable existence of connected conduction pathways, with strong implications on the surface's hydration, alkalidiffusion and hydrolysis.

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“…4 it is evident the correlation CaO/MgO, CaO/Al 2 O 3 and CaO/Fe 2 O 3 . The use of badly sorted cullet might be the explanation for the presence of PbO found in small quantities [Kunicki-Goldfinger et al, 2000].…”

Section: Mixed-alkali Glass (Samples 139 141 and 163)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of 18th century Portuguese glass from Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina

Lopes

Lima

Matos

et al. 2017

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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A JEOL 6300 Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector was used This work reports the first systematic chemical characterization of Portuguese 18th century glassware. 28 selected glass fragments, recovered from an archaeological excavation carried out in the site where King D. João V of Portugal established an important glass manufacture, Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina (Coina Royal Glass Factory), were studied. This factory operated from 1719 until 1747, the year in which the factory was transferred to Marinha Grande. The fragments were analysed by microenergy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (micro-EDXRF), using a portable spectrometer ArtTAX, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). The analytical data showed that a large variety of glass types was manufactured in that factory, namely soda-lime glass, mixed-alkali glass, high lime-low alkali glass, potash glass and lead glass. In general, the composition of the glass varies according to the function of the objects. It was demonstrated that micro-EDXRF can be an important tool to characterize museum glass objects when only in situ non-invasive analytical methods are allowed.

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A study of eighteenth century glass vessels from central Europe by x-ray fluorescence analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Thirteenth-century stained glass windows of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris: An insight into medieval glazing work practices

Thirteenth-century stained glass windows of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris: An insight into medieval glazing work practices

Historic K-rich silicate glass surface alteration: Behaviour of high-silica content matrices

Characterization of 18th century Portuguese glass from Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina

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