A study of gender differentials in the prevalence of tuberculosis based on NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 data

Sharma, Prem Prakash; Kumar, Ashok; Singh, Padam

doi:10.4103/0970-0218.66869

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…identified that the gender gap in the prevalence of TB has widened which they attributed to higher underreporting due to social stigma and lack of health seeking behavior. ( 9 ) Our study supports their finding; however, we also found that even when women exhibited health seeking behavior they received delayed care because of their lack of knowledge regarding TB and lack of awareness in free government services. Concurrent with previous studies, many patients first sought care from private practices, most of which have no access to TB training programs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India

McArthur¹,

Bali²,

Khan³

2016

Indian J Community Med

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Background:In India, only one woman is diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) for every 2.4 men. Previous studies have indicated gender disparities in care-seeking behavior and TB diagnosis; however, little is known about the specific barriers women face.Objectives:This study aimed to characterize socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers that affected TB diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India.Materials and Methods:In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 affected women and 6 health-care workers. The Bhopal Diagnostic Microscopy Laboratory Register (n = 121) and the Bhopal district report (n = 261) were examined for diagnostic and care-seeking trends.Results:Women, especially younger women, faced socio-cultural barriers and stigma, causing many to hide their symptoms. Older women had little awareness about TB. Women often sought treatment from private practitioners, resulting in delayed diagnosis.Conclusions:Understanding these diagnostic and help-seeking behaviors barriers for women is critical for development of a gender-sensitive TB control program.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India

McArthur¹,

Bali²,

Khan³

2016

Indian J Community Med

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“…From the total calculation, 88% of respondents lived in rural areas while the other 12% lived in urban areas. 46 Differences in findings could be due to the imbalanced number of male and female respondents and other characteristics in this study. This study involved nurses as the highest number of respondents compared to other healthcare professions (42.05%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

<p>The Prevalence and Demographic Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Among Healthcare Workers in Semarang, Indonesia</p>

Erawati¹,

Andriany²

2020

JMDH

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Purpose: To determine the prevalence and demographic risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among healthcare workers in Semarang, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 195 healthcare workers from 34 primary health centers was conducted from August to October 2019. The relationship between independent variables and dependent variables was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of LTBI among healthcare workers in this study was 23.6%. Comorbidities were the only risk factor for LTBI identified among other risk factors (OR=3.39, 95% CI: 0.99-11.62, p=0.04). Other demographic factors such as age (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.45-1.92, p=0.839), gender (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.23-2.72, p=0.708, smoking habits (OR=2.54, 95% CI: 0.52-12.38, p=0.247), and length of work (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 0.70-2.91, p=0.331) were not significant risk factors for LTBI. Conclusion: Healthcare workers suffering from comorbidity have a high risk for tuberculosis infection, and should not work in areas where they would be exposed to patients with tuberculosis. Healthcare workers need to apply occupational safety standards during contact with TB patients or specimens to minimize the disease transmission.

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“…Contrarily, a population-based study in the Hamar of Ethiopia indicated that hydatid disease was a public health problem for women [54]. Irrefutably, gender differentials also exist in the prevalence of TB [55]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans: a systematic review

2013

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Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans is an important public problem in co-endemic areas in developing countries. However, there is a paucity of studies on co-infection and even fewer reviews. This review examines 44 appropriate papers by PRISMA from 289 papers searched in PubMed via the NCBI Entrez system (no grey literature) up to December 2012 in order to analyze the factors that influence epidemic and host’s immunity of co-infection. The limited evidence in this review indicates that most common parasite species are concurrent with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in multiple organs; socio-demographics such as gender and age, special populations with susceptibility such as renal transplant recipients, patients on maintenance haemodialysis, HIV positive patients and migrants, and living in or coming from co-endemic areas are all likely to have an impact on co-infection. Pulmonary tuberculosis and parasitic diseases were shown to be risk factors for each other. Co-infection may significantly inhibit the host’s immune system, increase antibacterial therapy intolerance and be detrimental to the prognosis of the disease; in addition, infection with parasitic diseases can alter the protective immune response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

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A study of gender differentials in the prevalence of tuberculosis based on NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 data

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India

Socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India

<p>The Prevalence and Demographic Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Among Healthcare Workers in Semarang, Indonesia</p>

Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans: a systematic review

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