A study of HIV seroprevalence in a group of homeless youth in Hollywood, California

Pfeifer, Robert W.; Oliver, John

doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00038-4

Cited by 101 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Control variables with a known or suspected link with residential trajectory and risky behaviors were also measured at study entry: (1) childhood traumatic sexual events (having experienced sexual abuse before age 14); 32,36,47 (2) lifetime duration of homelessness, measured by computing total years (or fraction of year) of homelessness cumulated at baseline; 33,48 (3) lifetime diagnosis of any of the following mental disorders (MD): 49 major depression, bipolar disorder, anorexia/bulimia, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders (abuse and dependence).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Risky behaviors involved in transmission of these infections are very common among these youth, whether it is problematic substance use or unsafe sexual behaviors. For instance, according to various studies, between 30% and 40% [2][3][4][5] of street youth in the USA have injected drugs at least once, while in Canada, these proportions range from about 20% to 40%. [6][7][8][9] Incidence studies show that up to 8% of street youth start injecting every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

et al. 2011

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Evidence has linked residential instability and engagement in high-risk behaviors. This paper longitudinally examines the relationship between changes in residential stability and changes in HIV risk behaviors among Montréal street youth (SY). Between April 2006 and May 2007, 419 SY (18-25 years old) were recruited in a cohort study. SY (using Montréal street youth agencies services) were eligible if they had had at least one 24-hour episode of homelessness in the previous 30 days. Baseline and follow-up interviews, carried out every 3 months, included completion of a questionnaire (based on Life History Calendar Technique) assessing daily sleeping arrangements since the last interview, and monthly sexual and drug use behaviors. Using mixed-effects logistic regression method, we examined the association between various risk behaviors and residential stability, reached when a youth resided in any of the following settings for a whole month: own place; friends'/partner's/parent's place; any types of housing service (excluding emergency shelters). Analyses were carried out controlling for gender, age, education level, lifetime duration of homelessness, childhood sexual trauma, and lifetime mental health disorders. This calls for more integrated services combining both individual and structural-level interventions to improve the health of street youth.

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Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

et al. 2011

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“…36) to around 40% (see Refs. [37][38][39], and in Canada, from 17% (see Ref. 40) to nearly 40% (see Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Injection Among Street Youths in Montreal: Predictors of Initiation

Roy

Haley

Leclerc

et al. 2003

Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

185

180

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“…Two studies report that between 10.2% and 11.5% of their sample of homeless youth (between the ages of 12 and 24) was positive for HIV (Pfeiffer and Oliver 1997;Woods et al 2002). The disparity between the rates of HIV among homeless youth and youth in the general population is significant given that .2-.4% of adolescents in the general population test positive for HIV (Rotheram-Borus et al 2003), highlighting the need for risk reduction methods developed for homeless youth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of an integrated treatment on HIV risk behavior among homeless youth: a randomized controlled trial

Slesnick

Kang

2007

J Behav Med

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While many studies provide useful information on the risk behaviors in which homeless youth engage, few prior studies evaluate Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk related reduction strategies. In this study, homeless youth (n = 180) were recruited from a drop-in center and randomly assigned to one of two conditions, either an integrated individual cognitive-behavioral treatment and HIV prevention intervention that focused on skills building and education or to treatment as usual. All youth were assessed at entry into the program and at 3 and 6 month follow-up points. Findings showed an interaction between treatment condition, age and time. In the interaction, youth assigned to the integrated treatment reported greater condom usage than youth assigned to treatment as usual, with younger youth assigned to treatment as usual showing no change in condom use. The number of sexual partners reported by youth in both treatment conditions was also reduced over time. However, youth in both conditions continued to engage in other high-risk behaviors. The integrated treatment findings are promising and suggest that interventions which target both HIV risk behavior in addition to other life areas (substance use, mental health and housing) among homeless youth may be necessary in order to significantly impact high-risk behaviors among this unique group.

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A study of HIV seroprevalence in a group of homeless youth in Hollywood, California

Cited by 101 publications

References 4 publications

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

Drug Injection Among Street Youths in Montreal: Predictors of Initiation

The impact of an integrated treatment on HIV risk behavior among homeless youth: a randomized controlled trial

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