A Study of Indoor Air Quality in Refurbished Museum Building

Dzullkiflli, Syahrun Neizam Mohd; Abdullah, Abd Halid; Lee, Yee Yong; Leman, Abdul Mutalib; Sohu, Samiullah

doi:10.28991/cej-03091184

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The occurrence of deposits formed on works of art is an unintended but known phenomenon in micro environments (Grzywacz 2006;Schieweck, Salthammer, and Watts 2009;Engemann-Wendt and Waurick 2010;Dzullkiflli et al 2018). On different kinds of objects various deposits have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystalline Deposits in New Display Cases at the Rijksmuseum: Characterisation and Origin

Iperen

Keulen

Keune

et al. 2020

Studies in Conservation

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An unusual phenomenon occurred in new display cases at the Rijksmuseum four months after their installation in April 2013. White deposits were visible on glass windows, silicone door gaskets, black structural adhesive seals, and on works of art. The works of art most affected by these deposits were bronze sculptures, wooden and waxed objects, tempera, and oil paintings. In this study the deposits were chemically characterised using (pyrolysis-)gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ((Py-)GC-MS), µ-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman), ion chromatography (IC), and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Five chemically different crystalline deposits were found. They were identified as organic salts of the base 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (TMP-ol), a secondary amine, and five different carboxylic acids. It was found that TMP-ol, which is part of the UV-light stabiliser Tinuvin-770, emitted from the structural adhesive Terostat-9220. Terostat-9220 was used in large quantities in the display cases to adhere glass windows to metal parts. The carboxylic acids derived from both construction materials used to build the cases and from conservation materials present on the exhibited works of art. The carboxylic acids involved were 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, formic acid, methacrylic acid, palmitic acid, and an unknown carboxylic acid, respectively emitted from peroxide-cured silicone gaskets, panels of medium-density fibreboard (MDF), UV-adhesive, beeswax containing products, and from an unknown acidic conservation product or binding medium. The identification of the crystalline deposits was supported by their syntheses in the laboratory. Since 2013, similar deposits have been observed in a number of museum collections worldwide. A treatment for preventing further growth of the deposits was developed and applied in the Rijksmuseum showcases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystalline Deposits in New Display Cases at the Rijksmuseum: Characterisation and Origin

Iperen

Keulen

Keune

et al. 2020

Studies in Conservation

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“…Out of the four studies that used source apportionment methods, three were conducted in homes and one was conducted in university buildings. The 'other' microenvironment category includes three studies: one in a museum (Dzullkiflli et al 2018), one which measured agricultural pollutants in milking parlours and greenhouses (Tugnolo et al 2022), and one in a library (Wheeler et al 2021). There are several types of microenvironments which have scarcely been measured with LCS, as far as the authors can tell, and these include restaurants and bars, gyms and fitness facilities, concert venues, galleries, and other cultural spaces.…”

Section: External Pollutant Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality monitoring and source apportionment using low-cost sensors

Higgins,

Kumar,

Morawska

2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Understanding of the various sources of indoor air pollution requires indoor air quality (IAQ) data that is usually lacking. Such data can be obtained using unobtrusive, low-cost sensors (LCS). The aim of this review is to examine the recent literature published on LCS for IAQ measurements and to determine whether these studies employed any methods to identify or quantify sources of indoor air pollution. Studies were reviewed in terms of whether any methods of source apportionment were employed, as well as the microenvironment type, geographical location, and several metrics relating to the contribution of outdoor pollutant ingress versus potential indoor pollutant sources. We found that out of 60 relevant studies, just four employed methods for source apportionment, all of which utilised receptor models. Most studies were undertaken in residential or educational environments. There is a lack of data on IAQ in other types of microenvironments and in locations outside of Europe and North America. There are inherent limitations with LCS in terms of producing data which can be utilised in source apportionment models. This applies to external pollution data, however IAQ can be even more challenging to measure due to its characteristics. The indoor environment is heterogeneous, with significant variability within the space as well as between different microenvironments and locations. Sensor placement, occupancy, and activity reports, as well as measurements in different microenvironments and locations, can contribute to understanding this variability. Outdoor pollutants can ingress into the space via the building envelope, however measurement of external pollution and environmental conditions, as well as recording details on the building fabric and ventilation conditions, can help apportion external contributions. Whether or not source apportionment models are employed on indoor data from LCS, there are parameters which, if carefully considered during measurement campaigns, can aid in source identification of pollutants.

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“…Among the manifested symptoms are respiratory problems, allergies and decreased work capacity [64,65]. Tourists, even if they spend a shorter time inside heritage buildings, can be affected by the microclimate and indoor air quality [66][67][68]. Among their manifested symptoms are dizziness, vomiting, headache, fatigue, eye irritation and skin rashes, coughs, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Quality Perception in Built Cultural Heritage in Times of Climate Change

et al. 2023

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Low quality in a museum’s internal microclimate can induce both the deterioration of the exhibit collections, as well as affecting the health of visitors, employees and restorers. Starting from this premise, the present study aims to study the perception of visitors and employees of Darvas-La Roche Museum House (Romania) in relation to the air quality in the exhibition spaces. Their opinions were analyzed based on a questionnaire comprising 11 items aimed at understanding the influence of the indoor environment on the health of individuals, the degree of disturbance induced by the indoor air, if they experienced symptoms of illness after visiting the museum, etc. The obtained data were analyzed statistically in the SPSS 28 program, using tests such as coefficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and model summary, in order to obtain correlations between the sets of variables. The results obtained indicate that the majority of respondents perceived the indoor air quality as good, but there were also exceptions (approximately 20% of the respondents), which indicated different symptoms induced by the indoor air. Most of those (%) affected stated that they had pre-existing conditions, wear contact lenses or are smokers. In their case, the statistical-mathematical analyses indicated strong correlations between the ailments they suffer from and the appearance of certain discomforts (caused by too low or too high temperature, dust or dry air, etc.) and disease symptoms (nasal congestion, eye and skin irritations, coughs, migraines, frequent colds, etc.).

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A Study of Indoor Air Quality in Refurbished Museum Building

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Crystalline Deposits in New Display Cases at the Rijksmuseum: Characterisation and Origin

Crystalline Deposits in New Display Cases at the Rijksmuseum: Characterisation and Origin

Indoor air quality monitoring and source apportionment using low-cost sensors

Indoor Air Quality Perception in Built Cultural Heritage in Times of Climate Change

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